Related papers: A note on the values of independence polynomials a…

Let $G$ be a finite simple graph. For $X \subset V(G)$, the difference of $X$, $d(X) := |X| - |N (X)|$ where $N(X)$ is the neighborhood of $X$ and $\max \, \{d(X):X\subset V(G)\}$ is called the critical difference of $G$. $X$ is called a…

Given a graph $G$, a dominating set of $G$ is a set $S$ of vertices such that each vertex not in $S$ has a neighbor in $S$. The domination number of $G$, denoted $\gamma(G)$, is the minimum size of a dominating set of $G$. The independent…

The minimum number of distinct eigenvalues, taken over all real symmetric matrices compatible with a given graph $G$, is denoted by $q(G)$. Using other parameters related to $G$, bounds for $q(G)$ are proven and then applied to deduce…

A non-empty set $S\subseteq V (G)$ of the simple graph $G=(V(G),E(G))$ is an independent dominating set of $G$ if every vertex not in $S$ is adjacent with some vertex in $S$ and the vertices of $S$ are pairwise non-adjacent. The independent…

A set $S$ of vertices of a graph $G$ is exponentially independent if, for every vertex $u$ in $S$, $$\sum\limits_{v\in S\setminus \{ u\}}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{{\rm dist}_{(G,S)}(u,v)-1}<1,$$ where ${\rm dist}_{(G,S)}(u,v)$ is the…

Recently, Davies, Jenssen, Perkins, and Roberts gave a very nice proof of the result (due, in various parts, to Kahn, Galvin-Tetali, and Zhao) that the independence polynomial of a $d$-regular graph is maximized by disjoint copies of…

A set $S$ of vertices in a graph $G$ is a dominating set if every vertex of $G$ is in $S$ or is adjacent to a vertex in $S$. If, in addition, $S$ is an independent set, then $S$ is an independent dominating set. The domination number…

A $c$-labeling $\phi: V(G) \rightarrow \{1, 2, \hdots, c \}$ of graph $G$ is distinguishing if, for every non-trivial automorphism $\pi$ of $G$, there is some vertex $v$ so that $\phi(v) \neq \phi(\pi(v))$. The distinguishing number of $G$,…

The independence number of a tree decomposition is the size of a largest independent set contained in a single bag. The tree-independence number of a graph $G$ is the minimum independence number of a tree decomposition of $G$. As shown…

Let $G$ be a graph with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $E(G)$. A set $I_0(G) \subseteq V(G)$ is a vertex independent set if no two vertices in $I_0(G)$ are adjacent in $G$. We study $\alpha_1(G)$, which is the maximum cardinality of a set…

Let ${\rm ind}(G)$ be the number of independent sets in a graph $G$. We show that if $G$ has maximum degree at most $5$ then $$ {\rm ind}(G) \leq 2^{{\rm iso}(G)} \prod_{uv \in E(G)} {\rm ind}(K_{d(u),d(v)})^{\frac{1}{d(u)d(v)}} $$ (where…

The $k$-independence number of a graph $G$ is the maximum size of a set of vertices at pairwise distance greater than $k$. In this paper, for each positive integer $k$, we prove sharp upper bounds for the $k$-independence number in an…

A well known upper bound for the independence number $\alpha(G)$ of a graph $G$, is that \[ \alpha(G) \le n^0 + \min\{n^+ , n^-\}, \] where $(n^+, n^0, n^-)$ is the inertia of $G$. We prove that this bound is also an upper bound for the…

Let $G = (V(G), E(G))$ be a graph. The maximum cardinality of a set $M_k \subseteq E(G)$ such that $M_k$ contains exactly $k$-pairs of adjacent edges of $G$ is called the $k$-nearly edge independence number of $G$, and is denoted by…

Let ${\cal G}$ be a minor-closed graph class. We say that a graph $G$ is a $k$-apex of ${\cal G}$ if $G$ contains a set $S$ of at most $k$ vertices such that $G\setminus S$ belongs to ${\cal G}$. We denote by ${\cal A}_k ({\cal G})$ the set…

Given a graph $G$, the number of its vertices is represented by $n(G)$, while the number of its edges is denoted as $m(G)$. An independent set in a graph is a set of vertices where no two vertices are adjacent to each other and the size of…

In this work, we introduce the boundary polynomial of a graph $G$ as the ordinary generating function in two variables $B(G;x,y):= \displaystyle\sum_{S\subseteq V(G)} x^{|B(S)|}y^{|S|}$, where $B(S)$ denotes the outer boundary of $S$. We…

An isolating set of a graph is a set of vertices $S$ such that, if $S$ and its neighborhood is removed, only isolated vertices remain; and the isolation number is the minimum size of such a set. It is known that for every connected graph…

A {\it universal labeling} of a graph $G$ is a labeling of the edge set in $G$ such that in every orientation $\ell$ of $G$ for every two adjacent vertices $v$ and $u$, the sum of incoming edges of $v$ and $u$ in the oriented graph are…

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices of independence number $\alpha(G)$ such that every induced subgraph of $G$ on $n-k$ vertices has an independent set of size at least $\alpha(G) - \ell$. What is the largest possible $\alpha(G)$ in terms of…