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We construct near optimal linear decision trees for a variety of decision problems in combinatorics and discrete geometry. For example, for any constant $k$, we construct linear decision trees that solve the $k$-SUM problem on $n$ elements…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-05-05 Daniel M. Kane , Shachar Lovett , Shay Moran

Min-Cut queries are fundamental: Preprocess an undirected edge-weighted graph, to quickly report a minimum-weight cut that separates a query pair of nodes $s,t$. The best data structure known for this problem simply builds a cut-equivalent…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Amir Abboud , Robert Krauthgamer , Ohad Trabelsi

In this paper, we study the $k$-forest problem in the model of resource augmentation. In the $k$-forest problem, given an edge-weighted graph $G(V,E)$, a parameter $k$, and a set of $m$ demand pairs $\subseteq V \times V$, the objective is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-23 Eric Angel , Nguyen Kim Thang , Shikha Singh

We consider online algorithms for the $k$-server problem on trees. There is a $k$-competitive algorithm for this problem, and it is the best competitive ratio. M. Chrobak and L. Larmore provided it. At the same time, the existing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Kamil Khadiev , Maxim Yagafarov

Balanced search trees are widely used in computer science to efficiently maintain dynamic ordered data. To support efficient set operations (e.g., union, intersection, difference) using trees, the join-based framework is widely studied.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Michael Goodrich , Yan Gu , Ryuto Kitagawa , Yihan Sun

The classical $k$-means algorithm for partitioning $n$ points in $\mathbb{R}^d$ into $k$ clusters is one of the most popular and widely spread clustering methods. The need to respect prescribed lower bounds on the cluster sizes has been…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-08-04 Steffen Borgwardt , Andreas Brieden , Peter Gritzmann

A decision tree recursively splits a feature space $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ and then assigns class labels based on the resulting partition. Decision trees have been part of the basic machine-learning toolkit for decades. A large body of work treats…

Net-trees are a general purpose data structure for metric data that have been used to solve a wide range of algorithmic problems. We give a simple randomized algorithm to construct net-trees on doubling metrics using $O(n\log n)$ time in…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Mahmoodreza Jahanseir , Donald R. Sheehy

Let R^d -> A be a query problem over R^d for which there exists a data structure S that can compute P(q) in O(log n) time for any query point q in R^d. Let D be a probability measure over R^d representing a distribution of queries. We…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2010-02-08 Prosenjit Bose , Luc Devroye , Karim Douieb , Vida Dujmovic , James King , Pat Morin

The dynamic partial sorting problem asks for an algorithm that maintains lists of numbers under the link, cut and change value operations, and queries the sorted sequence of the $k$ least numbers in one of the lists. We first solve the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-04-21 Jiamou Liu , Kostya Ross

A $k$-decision tree $t$ (or $k$-tree) is a recursive partition of a matrix (2D-signal) into $k\geq 1$ block matrices (axis-parallel rectangles, leaves) where each rectangle is assigned a real label. Its regression or classification loss to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Ibrahim Jubran , Ernesto Evgeniy Sanches Shayda , Ilan Newman , Dan Feldman

Trees are useful entities allowing to model data structures and hierarchical relationships in networked decision systems ubiquitously. An ordered tree is a rooted tree where the order of the subtrees (children) of a node is significant. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Victor Parque , Tomoyuki Miyashita

This paper gives a new algorithm for sampling tree-weighted partitions of a large class of planar graphs. Formally, the tree-weighted distribution on $k$-partitions of a graph weights $k$-partitions proportional to the product of the number…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Sarah Cannon , Topher Pankow , Wesley Pegden , Jamie Tucker-Foltz

The problem of constrained clustering has attracted significant attention in the past decades. In this paper, we study the balanced $k$-center, $k$-median, and $k$-means clustering problems where the size of each cluster is constrained by…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Hu Ding

Computing $k$-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) is one of the core kernels used in many machine learning, data mining and scientific computing applications. Although kd-tree based $O(\log n)$ algorithms have been proposed for computing KNN, due to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Md. Mostofa Ali Patwary , Nadathur Rajagopalan Satish , Narayanan Sundaram , Jialin Liu , Peter Sadowski , Evan Racah , Suren Byna , Craig Tull , Wahid Bhimji , Prabhat , Pradeep Dubey

We study the integration of machine learning advice to improve upon traditional data structure designed for efficient search queries. Although there has been recent effort in improving the performance of binary search trees using machine…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Chunkai Fu , Brandon G. Nguyen , Jung Hoon Seo , Ryan Zesch , Samson Zhou

Tree edit distance is a well-studied measure of dissimilarity between rooted trees with node labels. It can be computed in $O(n^3)$ time [Demaine, Mozes, Rossman, and Weimann, ICALP 2007], and fine-grained hardness results suggest that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Shyan Akmal , Ce Jin

A number of recent works have employed decision trees for the construction of explainable partitions that aim to minimize the $k$-means cost function. These works, however, largely ignore metrics related to the depths of the leaves in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Eduardo Laber , Lucas Murtinho , Felipe Oliveira

This paper develops an efficient algorithm for computing the Euclidean projection onto the top-k-sum constraint, a key operation in financial risk management and matrix optimization problems. Existing projection methods rely on sorting and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-12 Jianting Pan , Ming Yan

In this paper we generalize the definition of "Search Trees" (ST) to enable reference values other than the key of prior inserted nodes. The idea builds on the assumption an $n$-node AVL (or Red-Black) requires to assure $O(\log_2n)$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-04 Saulo Queiroz