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As minimum feature size and pitch spacing further decrease, triple patterning lithography (TPL) is a possible 193nm extension along the paradigm of double patterning lithography (DPL). However, there is very little study on TPL layout…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-02-12 Bei Yu , Kun Yuan , Boyang Zhang , Duo Ding , David Z. Pan

Triple patterning lithography (TPL) has received more and more attentions from industry as one of the leading candidate for 14nm/11nm nodes. In this paper, we propose a high performance layout decomposer for TPL. Density balancing is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-02-13 Bei Yu , Yen-Hung Lin , Gerard Luk-Pat , Duo Ding , Kevin Lucas , David Z. Pan

For next-generation technology nodes, multiple patterning lithography (MPL) has emerged as a key solution, e.g., triple patterning lithography (TPL) for 14/11nm, and quadruple patterning lithography (QPL) for sub-10nm. In this paper, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-04-02 Bei Yu , David Z. Pan

Triple patterning lithography (TPL) is one of the most promising techniques in the 14nm logic node and beyond. However, traditional LELELE type TPL technology suffers from native conflict and overlapping problems. Recently LELEEC process…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-02-12 Bei Yu , Jhih-Rong Gao , David Z. Pan

Triple patterning lithography (TPL) is one of the most promising techniques in the 14nm logic node and beyond. Conventional LELELE type TPL technology suffers from native conflict and overlapping problems. Recently, as an alternative…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-08-05 Bei Yu , Subhendu Roy , Jhih-Rong Gao , David Z. Pan

Self-aligned double patterning (SADP) has become a promising technique to push pattern resolution limit to sub-22nm technology node. Although SADP provides good overlay controllability, it encounters many challenges in physical design…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-02-12 Jhih-Rong Gao , Bei Yu , Ru Huang , David Z. Pan

Triple patterning lithography (TPL) has been recognized as one of the most promising solutions to print critical features in advanced technology nodes. A critical challenge within TPL is the effective assignment of the layout to masks.…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Chengkai Wang , Weiqing Ji , Mingyang Kou , Zhiyang Chen , Fei Li , Hailong Yao

Multiple patterning lithography (MPL) is regarded as one of the most promising ways of overcoming the resolution limitations of conventional optical lithography due to the delay of next-generation lithography technology. As the feature size…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Guojin Chen , Haoyu Yang , Bei Yu

Starting from 22-nm, a standard cell must be designed to be full lithography-compliant, which includes Design Rule Check, Design-for-Manufacturability and Double-Patterning compliant. It has become a great challenge for physical layout…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Yongfu Li , Wan Chia Ang , Chin Hui Lee , Kok Peng Chua , Yoong Seang Jonathan Ong , Chiu Wing Colin Hui

Multiple patterning lithography has been widely adopted in advanced technology nodes of VLSI manufacturing. As a key step in the design flow, multiple patterning layout decomposition (MPLD) is critical to design closure. Due to the…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Wei Li , Yuzhe Ma , Qi Sun , Yibo Lin , Iris Hui-Ru Jiang , Bei Yu , David Z. Pan

Standard cells are essential components of modern digital circuit designs. With process technologies advancing toward 2nm, more routability issues have arisen due to the decreasing number of routing tracks, increasing number and complexity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Chia-Tung Ho , Haoxing Ren

As the feature size of semiconductor technology shrinks to 10 nm and beyond, the multiple patterning lithography (MPL) attracts more attention from the industry. In this paper, we model the layout decomposition of MPL as a generalized graph…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Yu Chen , Yongjian Xu , Ning Xu

Achieving fast and continuous fabrication of large-scale complex 3D structures is key to unlocking industrial-scale adoption of two-photon lithography (TPL). Despite substantial improvement in peak optical patterning rates enabled by recent…

At advanced process nodes, lithography weakpoints can exist in physical layouts of integrated circuit designs even if the layouts pass design rule checking (DRC). Existence of lithography weakpoints in a physical layout can cause…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-10-04 I-Lun Tseng , Yongfu Li , Valerio Perez , Vikas Tripathi , Zhao Chuan Lee , Jonathan Yoong Seang Ong

Transistor topology optimization is a critical step in standard cell design, directly dictating diffusion sharing efficiency and downstream routability. However, identifying optimal topologies remains a persistent bottleneck, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zhan Song , Yu-Tung Liu , Chen Chen , Guoheng Sun , Jiaqi Yin , Chia-tung Ho , Ang Li , Haoxing Ren , Cunxi Yu

TPL-friendly detailed routers require a systematic approach to detect TPL conflicts. However, the complexity of conflict graph (CG) impedes directly detecting TPL conflicts in CG. This work proposes a token graph-embedded conflict graph…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-02-14 Yen-Hung Lin , Bei Yu , David Z. Pan , Yih-Lang Li

While standard cell layouts are drawn with minimum design rules to maximize the benefit of design area shrinkage, the complicated design rules have caused difficulties with signal routes accessing the pins in standard cell layouts. As a…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Yongfu Li , Wan Chia Ang , Chin Hui Lee , Kok Peng Chua , Yoong Seang Jonathan Ong , Chiu Wing Colin Hui

Due to the increasing complexity of chip design, existing placement methods still have many shortcomings in dealing with macro cells coverage and optimization efficiency. Aiming at the problems of layout overlap, inferior performance, and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Tao Yu , Peng Gao , Fei Wang , Ru-Yue Yuan

Global placement, a critical step in designing the physical layout of computer chips, is essential to optimize chip performance. Prior global placement methods optimize each circuit design individually from scratch. Their neglect of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yunbo Hou , Haoran Ye , Shuwen Yang , Yingxue Zhang , Siyuan Xu , Guojie Song

In this paper, we introduce the proper latent decomposition (PLD) as a generalization of the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) on manifolds. PLD is a nonlinear reduced-order modeling technique for compressing high-dimensional data into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Daniel Kelshaw , Luca Magri
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