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Analysis of microscopy images is one important tool in many fields of biomedical research, as it allows the quantification of a multitude of parameters at the cellular level. However, manual counting of these images is both tiring and…
The development of a system for the automatic, objective and reliable detection of cough events is a need underlined by the medical literature for years. The benefit of such a tool is clear as it would allow the assessment of pathology…
In this paper, we present a diagnosis method of diseases from clinical data. The data are routine test such as urine test, hematology, chemistries etc. Though those tests have been done for people who check in medical institutes, how each…
Recently, large samples of visually classified early-type galaxies (ETGs) containing dust have been identified using space-based infrared observations with the Herschel Space Telescope. The presence of large quantities of dust in massive…
When animals are transported and pass through customs, some of them may have dangerous infectious diseases. Typically, due to the cost of testing, not all animals are tested: a reasonable selection must be made. How to test effectively…
Chemical tagging has great promise as a technique to unveil our Galaxy's history. Grouping stars based on their similar chemistry can establish details of the star formation and merger history of the Milky Way. With precise measurements of…
We address the issue of structure changes of a canola protein gel (as a solid food model) during gastrointestinal digestion. We present a method for synchrotron Small-Angle X-ray Scattering analysis of the digestion of a gel in a capillary.…
The chest X-ray (CXR) is one of the most common and easy-to-get medical tests used to diagnose common diseases of the chest. Recently, many deep learning-based methods have been proposed that are capable of effectively classifying CXRs.…
Air pollution is a major driver of climate change. Anthropogenic emissions from the burning of fossil fuels for transportation and power generation emit large amounts of problematic air pollutants, including Greenhouse Gases (GHGs). Despite…
In an act of sabotage or terrorism, hazardous material might be released deliberately into the atmosphere to threaten individuals, e.g., those operating critical infrastructure. Hazardous materials in such a scenario include toxic…
Preliminary diagnosis of fungal infections can rely on microscopic examination. However, in many cases, it does not allow unambiguous identification of the species by microbiologist due to their visual similarity. Therefore, it is usually…
Condensation processes, which are responsible for the main chemical differences between gas and solids in the Galaxy, are the major mechanisms that control the cycle of dust from evolved stars to planetary systems. However, they are still…
The occurrence of multiple strains of a bacterial pathogen such as M. tuberculosis or C. difficile within a single human host, referred to as a mixed infection, has important implications for both healthcare and public health. However,…
Volatile methyl siloxanes (VMSs), widely present in consumer and industrial products, have attracted increasing concerns due to their persistence, bioaccumulation behavior, and adverse health effects. Beyond their environmental…
A large proportion of organic molecules relevant to medicine and biotechnology contain one or more ionizable groups, which means that fundamental physical and chemical properties (e.g. the charge of the molecule) depend on the pH of the…
Wastewater monitoring is an effective approach for the early detection of viral and bacterial disease outbreaks. It has recently been used to identify the presence of individuals infected with COVID-19. To monitor large communities and…
Bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) exhibit biased motion if kept in a spatially non-uniform chemical environment. Here, we bring out unique time-dependent characteristics of bacterial chemotaxis, in response to a diffusing spatial…
Heparan sulfate (HS) is a linear, polydisperse sulfated polysaccharide belonging to the glycosaminoglycan family. HS proteoglycans are ubiquitously found at the cell surface and extracellular matrix in animal species. HS is involved in the…
Clusters of galaxies can be used for very different kinds of cosmological tests. I review a few of the methods: determination of cluster masses and dark matter content, metal enrichment and its connection to the origin of the intra-cluster…
Debris disks are exoplanetary systems containing planets, minor bodies (such as asteroids and comets) and debris dust. Unseen planets are presumed to perturb the minor bodies into crossing orbits, generating small dust grains that are…