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In this paper, a methodology for the automated detection and classification of Tuberculosis(TB) is presented. Tuberculosis is a disease caused by mycobacterium which spreads through the air and attacks low immune bodies easily. Our…
A disconcerting ramification of water pollution caused by burgeoning populations, rapid industrialization and modernization of agriculture, has been the exponential increase in the incidence of algal growth across the globe. Harmful algal…
Zoonotic diseases are a major cause of morbidity, and productivity losses in both humans and animal populations. Identifying the source of food-borne zoonoses (e.g. an animal reservoir or food product) is crucial for the identification and…
World Health Organization reports that African Trypanosomiasis affects mostly poor populations living in remote rural areas of Africa that can be fatal if properly not treated. This paper presents Dempster-Shafer Theory for the detection of…
We suggest a possible mechanism of ultra diffuse galaxy formation: the UDGs may occur as a result of a central collision of galaxies. If the galaxies are young and contain a lot of gas, the collision may kick all the gas off the systems and…
Life on Earth relies on chiral molecules, that is, species not superimposable on their mirror images. This manifests itself in the selection of a single molecular handedness, or homochirality, across the biosphere. We present the…
Atmospheric chemical disequilibrium has been proposed as a method for detecting extraterrestrial biospheres from exoplanet observations. Chemical disequilibrium is potentially a generalized biosignature since it makes no assumptions about…
Marine microalgae are widespread in the ocean and play a crucial role in the ecosystem. Automatic identification and location of marine microalgae in microscopy images would help establish marine ecological environment monitoring and water…
Early outbreak detection is a key aspect in the containment of infectious diseases, as it enables the identification and isolation of infected individuals before the disease can spread to a larger population. Instead of detecting unexpected…
We show that if all gamma-ray bursts emit X-rays in a way similar to those observed by BeppoSax, much of the extinction along the line of sight in the host galaxy of the burst can be destroyed. Two mechanisms are principally responsible for…
The study investigates the effectiveness of using low-pressure oxygen plasma, generated by microwave discharge, to sterilize bacterial spores of Bacillus Stearothermophilus and Bacillus Subtilis. Plasma, a highly ionized state of matter…
Rapid identification of outbreaks in hospitals is essential for controlling pathogens with epidemic potential. Although whole genome sequencing (WGS) remains the gold standard in outbreak investigations, its substantial costs and turnaround…
The Galactic Center is a prominent source in X-rays and gamma-rays and the study of its high-energy emission is crucial in understanding the physical phenomena taking place in its dense and extreme environment, phenomena that are possibly…
In molecular communications, the direct detection of signaling molecules may be challenging due to a lack of suitable sensors and interference in the environment. Motivated by research in molecular biology, we investigate an indirect…
Many crucial biological processes operate with surprisingly small numbers of molecules, and there is renewed interest in analyzing the impact of noise associated with these small numbers. Twenty--five years ago, Berg and Purcell showed that…
Urinalysis is a standard diagnostic test to detect urinary system related problems. The automation of urinalysis will reduce the overall diagnostic time. Recent studies used urine microscopic datasets for designing deep learning based…
The physical processes driving the chemical evolution of galaxies in the last $\sim 11\, \rm{Gyr}$ cannot be understood without directly probing the dust-obscured phase of star-forming galaxies and active galactic nuclei. This phase, hidden…
Central Serous Retinopathy (CSR) or Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a significant disease that causes blindness and vision loss among millions of people worldwide. It transpires as a result of accumulation of watery fluids behind…
Leishmaniasis is considered a neglected disease that causes thousands of deaths annually in some tropical and subtropical countries. There are various techniques to diagnose leishmaniasis of which manual microscopy is considered to be the…
The envelopes of Red Supergiants (RSGs) have a unique chemical environment not seen in other types of stars. They foster an oxygen-rich synthesis but are tempered by sporadic and chaotic mass loss, which distorts the envelope and creates…