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Water quality has a direct impact on industry, agriculture, and public health. Algae species are common indicators of water quality. It is because algal communities are sensitive to changes in their habitats, giving valuable knowledge on…
There is increasing recognition that oral health affects overall health and systemic diseases. Nonetheless it remains challenging to rapidly screen patient biopsies for signs of inflammation or the pathogens or foreign materials that elicit…
Cyclodextrins are a family of oligosaccharides with a toroid shape which exhibit a unique ability of entrapping guest molecules in their internal cavity. Water is the primary guest molecule and is omnipresent in the crystalline phases…
Many star-forming galaxies and those hosting active galactic nuclei (AGN) show evidence of massive outflows of material in a variety of phases including ionized, neutral atomic, and molecular. Molecular outflows in particular have been the…
Bilestones are solid masses found in the gallbladder or biliary tract, which block the normal bile flow and eventually result in severe life-threatening complications. Studies have shown that bilestone formation may be related to bile flow…
Mycetoma is a chronic and neglected inflammatory disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. It can lead to severe disability and social stigma. The disease is classified into two types based on the causative microorganisms:…
The striking variety of macroscopic morphologies displayed by bacterial colonies depends on microscopic environmental and behavioural details in a manner that is currently not well understood. A surprising example is sibling inhibition,…
A network of nanomachines (NMs) can be used to build a target detection system for a variety of promising applications. They have the potential to detect toxic chemicals, infectious bacteria, and biomarkers of dangerous diseases such as…
Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) is a pediatric disorder in which urine flows backwards from the bladder to the upper urinary tract. Its detection is of great importance as it increases the risk of a Urinary Tract Infection, which can then lead…
Celiac Disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the small intestine in genetically predisposed children and adults. Gluten exposure triggers an inflammatory cascade which leads to compromised intestinal barrier function. If…
Diagnosis of fungal infections can rely on microscopic examination, however, in many cases, it does not allow unambiguous identification of the species due to their visual similarity. Therefore, it is usually necessary to use additional…
With the continuous development and improvement of medical services, there is a growing demand for improving diabetes diagnosis. Exhaled breath analysis, characterized by its speed, convenience, and non-invasive nature, is leading the trend…
Current detection and identification of micro-organisms is based on either rather unspecific rapid microscopy or on more accurate complex, time-consuming procedures. In a medical context, the determination of the bacteria Gram type is of…
Motile bacteria can migrate along chemical gradients in a process known as chemotaxis. When exposed to uniform environmental stress, Escherichia coli cells coordinate their chemotactic responses to form millimeter-sized condensates…
There is a growing need for fast and accurate methods for testing developmental neurotoxicity across several chemical exposure sources. Current approaches, such as in vivo animal studies, and assays of animal and human primary cell…
Pulmonary nodules may be an early manifestation of lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among both men and women. Numerous studies have established that deep learning methods can yield high-performance levels in the…
The interstellar thick disks of galaxies contain not only gas, but significant quantities of dust. Most of our knowledge of extraplanar dust in disk galaxies comes from direct broadband optical imaging of these systems, wherein the dust is…
The study of infectious disease has been of interest to ecologists since long. The initiation of epidemic and the long term disease dynamics are largely influenced by the nature of the underlying consumer (host)-resource dynamics.…
The global surge in the cases of gastric cancer has prompted an investigation into the potential of gut microbiota as a predictive marker for the disease. The alterations in gut diversity are suspected to be associated with an elevated risk…
High throughput sequencing (HTS)-based technology enables identifying and quantifying non-culturable microbial organisms in all environments. Microbial sequences have enhanced our understanding of the human microbiome, the soil and plant…