Related papers: La conjecture de Casas Alvero pour les degr\'es $5…

For any real polynomial $p(x)$ of even degree $n$, Shapiro [{\it Arnold Math. J.} 1(1) (2015), 91--99] conjectured that the sum of the number of real zeros of $(n-1)(p')^2 - np p''$ and the number of real zeros of $p$ is positive. We…

For $x\ge0$ let $\pi(x)$ be the number of primes not exceeding $x$. The asymptotic behaviors of the prime-counting function $\pi(x)$ and the $n$-th prime $p_n$ have been studied intensively in analytic number theory. Surprisingly, we find…

For each prime $p$, let $n(p)$ denote the least quadratic nonresidue modulo $p$. Vinogradov conjectured that $n(p) = O(p^\eps)$ for every fixed $\eps>0$. This conjecture follows from the generalised Riemann hypothesis, and is known to hold…

We study the algebraic properties of Generalized Laguerre Polynomials for negative integral values of the parameter. For integers $r,n\geq 0$, we conjecture that $L_n^{(-1-n-r)}(x) = \sum_{j=0}^n \binom{n-j+r}{n-j}x^j/j!$ is a…

In the process of computing the Galois group of a prime degree polynomial $f(x)$ over $\mathbb Q$ we suggest a preliminary checking for the existence of non-real roots. If $f(x)$ has non-real roots, then combining a 1871 result of Jordan…

Let $2< a<b$ be two relatively prime integers and $g=ab-a-b$. It is proved that there exists at least one prime $p\le g$ of the form $p=ax+by~(x,y\in \mathbb{Z}_{\ge 0})$, which confirms a 2020 conjecture of Ram\'{\i}rez Alfons\'{\i}n and…

A polynomial of the form $x^\alpha - p(x)$, where the degree of $p$ is less than the total degree of $x^\alpha$, is said to be least deviation from zero if it has the smallest uniform norm among all such polynomials. We study polynomials of…

In 2005 Wolfgang Willems put forward a conjecture proposing a lower bound for the sum of squares of the degrees of the irreducible $p$-Brauer characters of a finite group $G$. We prove this conjecture for the prime $p=2$. For this we rely…

We give an example of a polynomial of degree 4 in 5 variables that is the sum of squares of 8 polynomials and cannot be decomposed as the sum of 7 squares. This improves the current existing lower bound of 7 polynomials for the Pythagoras…

We prove an analogue of the classical Bateman-Horn conjecture on prime values of polynomials for the ring of polynomials over a large finite field. Namely, given non-associate, irreducible, separable and monic (in the variable $x$)…

A conjecture of Sendov states that if a polynomial has all its roots in the unit disk and if $\beta$ is one of those roots, then within one unit of $\beta$ lies a root of the polynomial's derivative. If we define $r(\beta)$ to be the…

We consider polynomials in R[x] which map the set of nonnegative (element-wise) matrices of a given order into itself. Let n be a positive integer and define P(n)= {p in R[x] : p(A) is nonnegative (element-wise), for all A, A an n-by-n…

Of the $(2H+1)^n$ monic integer polynomials $f(x)=x^n+a_1 x^{n-1}+\cdots+a_n$ with $\max\{|a_1|,\ldots,|a_n|\}\leq H$, how many have associated Galois group that is not the full symmetric group $S_n$? There are clearly $\gg H^{n-1}$ such…

The polynomials $d_n(x)$ are defined by \begin{align*} d_n(x) &= \sum_{k=0}^n{n\choose k}{x\choose k}2^k. \end{align*} We prove that, for any prime $p$, the following congruences hold modulo $p$: \begin{align*}…

In this paper, we prove: Let A be a nonnegative primitive tensor with order m and dimension n. Then its primitive degree R(A)\leq (n-1)^2+1, and the upper bound is sharp. This confirms a conjecture of Shao [7].

Let $f$ be an irreducible polynomial of prime degree $p\geq 5$ over $\QQ$, with precisely $k$ pairs of complex roots. Using a result of Jens H\"{o}chsmann (1999), we show that if $p\geq 4k+1$ then $\Gal(f/\QQ)$ is isomorphic to $A_{p}$ or…

In 1984, Deligne proved that for any prime number $p$, the reduction modulo $p$ of the diagonal of a multivariate algebraic power series with integer coefficients is algebraic over the field of rational functions with coefficients in…

We prove that for any degree d, there exist (families of) finite sequences a_0, a_1,..., a_d of positive numbers such that, for any real polynomial P of degree d, the number of its real roots is less than or equal to the number of the…

The Delannoy polynomial $D_n(x)$ is defined by $$ D_n(x)=\sum_{k=0}^{n}{n\choose k}{n+k\choose k}x^k. $$ We prove that, if $x$ is an integer and $p$ is a prime not dividing $x(x+1)$, then \begin{align*} \sum_{k=0}^{p-1}(2k+1)D_k(x)^3…

We prove large sieve inequalities with multivariate polynomial moduli and deduce a general Bombieri--Vinogradov type theorem for a class of polynomial moduli having a sufficient number of variables compared to its degree. This sharpens…