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Recently formulated model of highly-anisotropic and strongly dissipative hydrodynamics is used in 3+1 dimensions to study behavior of matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We search for possible effects of the initial…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-06-22 Radoslaw Ryblewski , Wojciech Florkowski

Flow has emerged as a crucial probe for the properties of the thermalized medium produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The evolution of initial state fluctuations leaves imprints on the power spectrum of flow coefficients.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-06-29 Shreyansh S. Dave , Saumia P. S. , Ajit M. Srivastava

An open question in the field of heavy-ion collisions is to what extent the size of initial inhomogeneities in the system affects measured observables. Here we present a method to smooth out these inhomogeneities with minimal effect on…

Deuterons with different polarization states have distinct shapes for their wavefunctions. This offers a unique opportunity to experimentally control the initial-state collision geometry with the polarization of the light-ion targets in…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-09-23 Heikki Mäntysaari , Björn Schenke , Chun Shen , Wenbin Zhao

The effects of initial state fluctuations on elliptic flow are investigated within a (3+1)d Boltzmann + hydrodynamics transport approach. The spatial eccentricity ($\epsilon_{\rm RP}$ and $\epsilon_{\rm part}$) is calculated for initial…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-05-28 Hannah Petersen , Marcus Bleicher

Elliptic flow, elliptic flow fluctuations and fluctuations in the initial geometry point to a description of nuclear collisions that is driven by the initial geometry, a quantity which appears to be imprinted from the instant of the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2007-07-03 R. S. Hollis

In this dissertation I introduce relativistic heavy ion collisions and describe theoretical approaches to understanding them--in particular, viscous hydrodynamic simulations and investigations of final state interactions. The successful…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-08-31 Matthew Luzum

We demonstrate high prediction accuracy of three important properties that determine the initial geometry of the heavy-ion collision (HIC) experiments by using supervised Machine Learning (ML) methods. These properties are the impact…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-11-23 Abhisek Saha , Debasis Dan , Soma Sanyal

Collisions of isobar nuclei, those with the same mass number but different structure parameters, provide a new way to probe the initial condition of the heavy ion collisions. Using transport model simulation of $^{96}$Ru+$^{96}$Ru and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-10-10 Somadutta Bhatta , Chunjian Zhang , Jiangyong Jia

Heavy-ion collisions create deformed quark-gluon plasma (QGP) fireballs which explode anisotropically. The viscosity of the fireball matter determines its ability to convert the initial spatial deformation into momentum anisotropies that…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-03-19 Zhi Qiu , Ulrich W. Heinz

A recently developed framework of highly-anisotropic and strongly-dissipative hydrodynamics -- ADHYDRO -- has been introduced and used to analyze the space-time evolution of matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-07-04 Radoslaw Ryblewski

Anisotropic flow of hadrons is studied in heavy ion collisions at SPS and RHIC energies within the microscopic quark-gluon string model. The model was found to reproduce correctly many of the flow features, e.g., the wiggle structure of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 E. Zabrodin , L. Bravina , C. Fuchs , A. Faessler

The presence of large event-by-event flow fluctuations in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC provides an opportunity to study a broad class of flow observables. This paper explores the correlations among harmonic flow coefficients…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-09-12 Peng Huo , Jiangyong Jia , Soumya Mohapatra

Correlations between mean transverse momentum $[p_{\rm T}]$ and anisotropic flow coefficients $v_{\rm 2}$ or $v_{\rm 3}$ are measured as a function of centrality in Pb$-$Pb and Xe$-$Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV and 5.44…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-12-02 ALICE Collaboration

The second and the third order anisotropic flow, $V_{2}$ and $V_3$, are mostly determined by the corresponding initial spatial anisotropy coefficients, $\varepsilon_{2}$ and $\varepsilon_{3}$, in the initial density distribution. In…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-12-27 ALICE Collaboration

I review the recent progress in measuring elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions. These measurements show clearly how hydrodynamics starts to develop as the system size is increased from peripheral to central collisions. During this…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-18 Derek Teaney

One of the unsolved problems in the current 'standard model' of heavy ion physics is the apparent rapid thermalization of QCD matter in the pre-equilibrium stage. While it is challenging to probe this mechanism directly, there are now…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-22 Thorsten Renk , Rupa Chatterjee , Kari J. Eskola , Harri Niemi , Ilkka Helenius

In high energy heavy-ion collisions, the final anisotropic flow coefficients and their corresponding event-plane correlations are considered as the medium evolutional response to the initial geometrical eccentricities and their…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-02-19 Jing Yang , Yong Zhang

We study transverse momentum anisotropies, in particular, the elliptic flow $v_2$ due to the interference effect sourced by valence quarks in high-energy hadron-hadron collisions. Our main formula is derived as the high-energy (eikonal)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-05-14 Meijian Li , Wenyang Qian , Bin Wu , Hong Zhang

Event-by-event fluctuations in the initial density distributions of the fireballs created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions lead to event-by-event fluctuations of the final anisotropic flow angles, and density inhomogeneities in the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-05-01 Ulrich W. Heinz , Zhi Qiu , Chun Shen