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We investigate the problem of constructing unextendible product bases in the qubit case - that is, when each local dimension equals 2. The cardinality of the smallest unextendible product basis is known in all qubit cases except when the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-15 Nathaniel Johnston

We investigate separability and entanglement of mixed states in ${\cal C}^2\otimes{\cal C}^2\otimes{\cal C}^N$ three party quantum systems. We show that all states with positive partial transposes that have rank $\le N$ are separable. For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. Karnas , M. Lewenstein

It is known that entangled mixed states that are positive under partial transposition (PPT states) must have rank at least four. In a previous paper we presented a classification of rank four entangled PPT states which we believe to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Leif Ove Hansen , Andreas Hauge , Jan Myrheim , Per Øyvind Sollid

It is known that some two qutrit entangled states of rank 4 with positive partial transpose [PPT] can be built from the unextendible product bases [UPB]. We show that this fact is indeed universal, namely all such states can be constructed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Lin Chen , Dragomir Z. Djokovic

In quantum information theory, it is a fundamental problem to construct multipartite unextendible product bases (UPBs). We show that there exist two families UPBs in Hilbert space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-06 Yize Sun , Baoshan Wang , Shiru Li

Orthogonal product sets that are locally irreducible in every bipartition have the strongest nonlocality while also need a large number of quantum states. In this paper, we construct the orthogonal product sets with strong quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Huaqi Zhou , Ting Gao , Fengli Yan

We investigate conditions on a finite set of multi-partite product vectors for which separable states with corresponding product states have unique decomposition, and show that this is true in most cases if the number of product vectors is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Kil-Chan Ha , Seung-Hyeok Kye

It is known that there exist sets of pure orthogonal product states which cannot be perfectly distinguished by local operations and classical communication (LOCC). Such sets are nonlocal sets which exhibit nonlocality without entanglement.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-07 Saronath Halder

A set of orthogonal pure states is an unextendible biseparable basis (UBB), which means that its complementary subspace contains only genuinely entangled states. UBBs thus serve as an effective tool for constructing genuinely entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Huaqi Zhou , Ting Gao , Fengli Yan

We investigate the quantum nonlocality via the discrimination on two, three and four-qubit orthogonal product bases (OPBs). We show that every two-qubit, and some three and four-qubit OPBs can be locally distinguished. It turns out that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-02 Lin Chen , Yutong Jiang

For the 3-qubit UPB state, i.e., the bound entangled state constructed from an Unextendable Product Basis of Bennett et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 82:5385, 1999), we provide a set of violations of Local Hidden Variable (LHV) models based on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Claudio Altafini

Unextendible product bases (UPBs) provide a versatile tool with various applications across different areas of quantum information theory. Their comprehensive characterization is thus of great importance and has been a subject of vital…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-24 Maciej Demianowicz

Unextendible product basis is an important object in quantum information theory and features a broad spectrum of applications, ranging bound entangled states, quantum nonlocality without entanglement, and Bell inequalities with no quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Fei Shi , Mao-Sheng Li , Xiande Zhang , Qi Zhao

An orthogonal product basis of a composite Hilbert space is genuinely nonlocal if the basis states are locally indistinguishable across every bipartition. From an operational point of view such a basis corresponds to a separable measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-25 Sumit Rout , Ananda G. Maity , Amit Mukherjee , Saronath Halder , Manik Banik

A notion of strength of an unextendible product basis is introduced and a quantitative measure for it is suggested with a view to providing an indirect measure for the bound entanglement of formation of the bound entangled mixed state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. Chaturvedi

Multiqubit positive-partial-transpose (PPT) entangled states play an important role in quantum information theory. We characterize such states of minimum rank in three-qubit system, namely rank four. Depending on whether the Lorentz…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Yonggang Cheng , Lin Chen

A set of orthogonal states in multipartite systems is called to be locally stable if to preserving the orthogonality of the states, only trivial local measurement can be performed from each partite. Locally stable set of states are always…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-21 Wang Yan-Ling , Chen Wei , Li Mao-Sheng

Recently, Zhang et al [Phys. Rev. A 92, 012332 (2015)] presented $4d-4$ orthogonal product states that are locally indistinguishable and completable in a $d\otimes d$ quantum system. Later, Zhang et al. [arXiv: 1509.01814v2 (2015)]…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-06 Guang-Bao Xu , Ying-Hui Yang , Qiao-Yan Wen , Su-Juan Qin , Fei Gao

An unextendible biseparable basis (UBB) is a set of orthogonal pure biseparable states which span a subspace of a given Hilbert space while the complementary subspace contains only genuinely entangled states. These biseparable bases are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Atanu Bhunia , Subrata Bera , Indranil Biswas , Indrani Chattopadhyay , Debasis Sarkar

Nonlocality without entanglement and its subsequent generalizations offer deep information-theoretic insights and subsequently find several useful applications. Concept of genuinely nonlocal set of product states emerges as a natural…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-31 Sumit Rout , Ananda G. Maity , Amit Mukherjee , Saronath Halder , Manik Banik