Construction of three-qubit positive-partial-transpose entangled states of rank four
Abstract
Multiqubit positive-partial-transpose (PPT) entangled states play an important role in quantum information theory. We characterize such states of minimum rank in three-qubit system, namely rank four. Depending on whether the Lorentz invariant is zero, we classify such states into two types. The PPT entangled states constructed by unextendible product bases (UPB) have nonzero invariants, which belong to type I. We provide a method to effectively determine whether a state can be constructed from UPB. For states with zero invariant, which belong to type II, we provide an explicit expression up to equivalence of stochastic local operations and classical communications (SLOCC). It turns out that we can represent them with only one complex parameter. We further study SLOCC-equivalence relation within the expression. We also investigate the Lorentz invariants of multiqubit states with rank less than three and analyze their range.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2605.19530,
title = {Construction of three-qubit positive-partial-transpose entangled states of rank four},
author = {Yonggang Cheng and Lin Chen},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.19530},
year = {2026}
}