Related papers: Data processing theorems and the second law of the…
Fluctuation theorems are key to understanding both fundamental and applied aspects of non-equilibrium thermodynamics of small systems. We study the non-Markovian entropy production fluctuation theorem for the diffusion process of charged…
In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, Ludwig Boltzmann explained how irreversible macroscopic laws, in particular the second law of thermodynamics, originate in the time-reversible laws of microscopic physics. Boltzmann's analysis,…
Stochastic thermodynamics investigates energetic and entropic bounds in small systems. Foundational results, e.g., the first and second laws, predominantly rely on the Markov (memoryless) assumption. Although physicists recognise that the…
Boltzmann's principleS=k*ln W is generalized to non-equilibrium Hamiltonian systems with possibly fractal distributions in phase space by the box-counting volume. The probabilities P(M) of macroscopic observables M are given by the ratio…
Feedback control mechanisms are ubiquitous in science and technology, and play an essential role in regulating physical, biological and engineering systems. The standard second law of thermodynamics does not hold in the presence of…
We show that finite systems whose Hamiltonians obey a generalized homogeneity relation rigorously follow the nonextensive thermostatistics of Tsallis. In the thermodynamical limit, however, our results indicate that the Boltzmann-Gibbs…
For time-dependent states generated by an external operation, a generalized free energy may be introduced by the relative entropy with respect to an equilibrium state realized after sufficient relaxation from the time-dependent states.…
Despite the wide usage of information as a concept in science, we have yet to develop a clear & concise scientific definition. This paper is aimed at laying the foundations for a new theory concerning the mechanics of information alongside…
We study a class of systems whose dynamics are described by generalized Langevin equations with state-dependent coefficients. We find that in the limit, in which all the characteristic time scales vanish at the same rate, the position…
It is argued the the idea of a single temperature-like variable, introduced in [1], which enters a generalized second law for Markovian open system in non-equilibrium environment is not sufficient for a consistent and useful thermodynamic…
The present work deals with irreversible Universal thermodynamics. The homogenous and isotropic flat model of the universe is chosen as open thermodynamical system and non-equilibrium thermodynamics comes into picture due to the mechanism…
In black hole physics, the second law of thermodynamics is generally valid whether the black hole is a static or a non-static one. Considering the universe as a thermodynamical system the second law of black hole dynamics extends to the…
Despite substantial progress in non-equilibrium physics, steady-state (s.s.) probabilities remain intractable to analysis. For a Markov process, s.s. probabilities can be expressed in terms of transition rates using the Matrix-Tree theorem…
We analyze the generalization gap (gap between the training and test errors) when training a potentially over-parametrized model using a Markovian stochastic training algorithm, initialized from some distribution $\theta_0 \sim p_0$. We…
Certain fluctuations in particle number at fixed total energy lead exactly to a cut-power law distribution in the one-particle energy, via the induced fluctuations in the phase-space volume ratio. The temperature parameter is expressed…
We demonstrate that irreversibility arises from the principle of microscopic reversibility and the presence of memory in the time evolution of a single copy of a system driven by a protocol. We introduce microscopic reversibility by using…
In this second part, we analyze the dissipation properties of Generalized Poisson-Kac (GPK) processes, considering the decay of suitable $L^2$-norms and the definition of entropy functions. In both cases, consistent energy dissipation and…
For an isolated assembly that comprises a system and its surrounding reservoirs, the total entropy ($S_{a}$) always monotonically increases as time elapses. This phenomenon is known as the second law of thermodynamics ($S_{a}\geq0$). Here…
Ultrafast and nanoscale heat conduction demands a unified theoretical framework that rigorously bridges macroscopic transport equations with microscopic material properties derived from statistical physics.Existing empirical generalizations…
The Brownian motion of a particle immersed in a medium of charged particles is considered when the system is placed in magnetic or electric fields. Coming from the Zwanzig-Caldeira-Legget particle-bath model, we modify it so that not only…