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An appropriate level of arousal induces positive emotions, and a high arousal potential may provoke negative emotions. To explain the effect of arousal on emotional valence, we propose a novel mathematical framework of arousal potential…
Background: Mathematical modeling approaches are becoming ever more established in clinical neuroscience. They provide insight that is key to understand complex interactions of network phenomena, in general, and interactions within the…
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, accounts for 60 to 80 percent cases. Two main factors called beta amyloid plaques and tangles are prime suspects in damaging and killing nerve cells. However, oxidative stress, the…
The majority of common diseases are influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors such as Cancer. Even though uncovering the main causes of disease is deemed difficult due to the complexity of gene-gene and gene-environment…
Amateur marathon runners who exercise excessively over time have pathological structural changes in their hearts and aortas. Amateur marathon runners' cardiovascular system adaptations and dangers are discussed in this article. After…
In this chapter, we review the class of causal effects based on incremental propensity scores interventions proposed by Kennedy [2019]. The aim of incremental propensity score interventions is to estimate the effect of increasing or…
Effective communication and strong therapeutic relationships are critical to successful mental health interventions. For example, in 1957 Carl Rogers, a pioneer of person-centred therapy, proposed that an empowering relationship could, in…
NLP datasets are richer than just input-output pairs; rather, they carry causal relations between the input and output variables. In this work, we take sentiment classification as an example and look into the causal relations between the…
Current machine learning approaches to medical diagnosis often rely on correlational patterns between symptoms and diseases, risking misdiagnoses when symptoms are ambiguous or common across multiple conditions. In this work, we move beyond…
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is characterized by disorders in motor function such as freezing of gait, rest tremor, rigidity, and slowed and hyposcaled movements. Medication with dopaminergic medication may alleviate those motor symptoms,…
Studies of affect labeling, i.e. putting your feelings into words, indicate that it can attenuate positive and negative emotions. Here we track the evolution of individual emotions for tens of thousands of Twitter users by analyzing the…
Objectives: Stress hormones have been associated with temporal discounting. Although time-discount rate is shown to be stable over a long term, no study to date examines whether individual differences in stress hormones could predict…
The initial reaction of the body to pathogenic microbial infection or severe tissue trauma is an acute inflammatory response. The magnitude of such a response is of critical importance, since an uncontrolled response can cause further…
To examine associations between screen time and anxiety, depression, behavior or conduct problems, and ADHD among children and adolescents during the pandemic, and to assess whether physical activity, sleep duration, and bedtime regularity…
Hypertension is a highly prevalent condition and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The landmark Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) showed that lowering systolic blood pressure (BP) goals from 140 mmHg to 120…
The explanation of AI results and how they are received by users is an increasingly active research field. However, there is a surprising lack of knowledge about how social factors such as emotions affect the process of explanation by a…
This study examines the potential causal relationship between head injury and the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) using Bayesian networks and regression models. Using a dataset of 2,149 patients, we analyze key medical history…
This study quantifies the association between non-adherence to antipsychotic medications and adverse outcomes in individuals with schizophrenia. We frame the problem using survival analysis, focusing on the time to the earliest of several…
Female athletes are severely understudied in the field of concussion research, despite higher prevalence for injuries and tendency to have longer recovery time. Hormonal fluctuations due to normal menstrual cycle (MC) or hormonal…
Emotions are a central key for understanding human beings and of fundamental importance regarding their impact in human and animal behaviors. They have been for a long time a subject of study for various scholars including in particular…