Related papers: Selective vulnerability to kainate-induced oxidati…
Neurons in a micro-circuit connected by chemical synapses can have their connectivity affected by the prior activity of the cells. The number of synapses available for releasing neurotransmitter can be decreased by repetitive activation…
Recent research has highlighted the vulnerability of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) against data poisoning attacks. These attacks aim to inject poisoning samples into the models' training dataset such that the trained models have inference…
Background: Despite the striking efforts in investigating neurobiological factors behind the acquisition of amyloid-\b{eta} (A), protein tau (T), and neurodegeneration ([N]) biomarkers, the mechanistic pathways of how AT[N] biomarkers…
We used the GEANT4 Monte Carlo MC Toolkit to simulate carbon ion beams incident on water, tissue, and bone, taking into account nuclear fragmentation reactions. Upon increasing the energy of the primary beam, the position of the Bragg-Peak…
Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and positron emission tomography (PET) have emerged as safer alternatives to conventional imaging modalities by significantly reducing radiation exposure. However, current approaches often face a…
We compared the treatment planning performance of RapidArc (RA) vs. CyberKnife (CK) for spinal stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Ten patients with spinal lesions who had been treated with CK were re-planned with RA, which…
The neural implementation of operant conditioning with few trials is unclear. We propose a Hippocampus-Inspired Cognitive Architecture (HICA) as a neural mechanism for operant conditioning. HICA explains a learning mechanism in which agents…
Acute stress alters cognitive performance, yet competing models make divergent predictions regarding the mechanisms, scope, and temporal dynamics of these effects. This large-scale randomized controlled trial tested predications from three…
As the global population ages, the incidence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is rising. CKD often remains asymptomatic until advanced stages, which significantly burdens both the healthcare system and patient quality of life. This research…
Understanding treatment effect heterogeneity is crucial for reliable decision-making in treatment evaluation and selection. The conditional average treatment effect (CATE) is widely used to capture treatment effect heterogeneity induced by…
Objectives: High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage with extensive peritoneal metastases, making treatment challenging. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is often used to reduce tumor burden…
Identifying preclinical biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases remains a major challenge in aging research. In this study, we demonstrate that frequent "Don't know/can't remember" (DK) responses, often treated as missing data in…
The effect of irradiation by 30-keV Ga+ and 35-keV He+ ions (in relatively small doses) on the excitonic reflectivity spectra of single InGaAs/GaAs quantum-well structures is studied. It is found that the irradiation results in decreasing…
This study describes the distribution of intravenously injected polyacrylic acid (PAA) coated {\gamma}-Fe2O3 NPs (10 mg kg-1) at the organ, cellular and subcellular levels in healthy BALB/cJ mice and in parallel addresses the effects of NP…
Recent investigations of traumatic brain injuries have shown that these injuries can result in conformational changes at the level of individual neurons in the cerebral cortex. Focal axonal swelling is one consequence of such injuries and…
Lithium salts have strong medical properties in neurological disorders such as bipolar disorder and lithium-responsive headaches. They have recently gathered attention due to their potential preventive effect in viral infections. Though the…
Chronic stress is a risk factor for cognitive decline and illness, yet reliable individual markers remain limited. We tested whether two single channel high dynamic range EEG biomarkers, ST4 and T2, index stress responses by linking neural…
The positive definite Kohn-Sham kinetic energy(KS-KE) density plays crucial role in designing semilocal meta generalized gradient approximations(meta-GGAs) for low dimensional quantum systems. It has been rigorously shown that near nucleus…
It is now widely accepted that one of the roles of the hippocampus is to maintain episodic spatial representations, while parallel striatal pathways contribute to both declarative and procedural value computations by encoding different…
The radiological doses and hazard indices of natural radionuclides $^{238}$U,$^{232}$Th and $^{40} $K in soil samples from Kerbala city were evaluated using gamma-ray spectroscopy system using NaI(Tl) ${"1.5\times 2"}$ detector in…