English

The least common multiple of consecutive arithmetic progression terms

Number Theory 2011-08-02 v3

Abstract

Let k0,a1k\ge 0,a\ge 1 and b0b\ge 0 be integers. We define the arithmetic function gk,a,bg_{k,a,b} for any positive integer nn by gk,a,b(n):=(b+na)(b+(n+1)a)...(b+(n+k)a)lcm(b+na,b+(n+1)a,...,b+(n+k)a).g_{k,a,b}(n):=\frac{(b+na)(b+(n+1)a)...(b+(n+k)a)} {{\rm lcm}(b+na,b+(n+1)a,...,b+(n+k)a)}. Letting a=1a=1 and b=0b=0, then gk,a,bg_{k,a,b} becomes the arithmetic function introduced previously by Farhi. Farhi proved that gk,1,0g_{k,1,0} is periodic and that k!k! is a period. Hong and Yang improved Farhi's period k!k! to lcm(1,2,...,k){\rm lcm}(1,2,...,k) and conjectured that lcm(1,2,...,k,k+1)k+1\frac{{\rm lcm}(1,2,...,k,k+1)}{k+1} divides the smallest period of gk,1,0g_{k,1,0}. Recently, Farhi and Kane proved this conjecture and determined the smallest period of gk,1,0g_{k,1,0}. For the general integers a1a\ge 1 and b0b\ge 0, it is natural to ask the interesting question: Is gk,a,bg_{k,a,b} periodic? If so, then what is the smallest period of gk,a,bg_{k,a,b}? We first show that the arithmetic function gk,a,bg_{k,a,b} is periodic. Subsequently, we provide detailed pp-adic analysis of the periodic function gk,a,bg_{k,a,b}. Finally, we determine the smallest period of gk,a,bg_{k,a,b}. Our result extends the Farhi-Kane theorem from the set of positive integers to general arithmetic progressions.

Cite

@article{arxiv.0903.0530,
  title  = {The least common multiple of consecutive arithmetic progression terms},
  author = {Shaofang Hong and Guoyou Qian},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:0903.0530},
  year   = {2011}
}

Comments

10 pages. To appear in Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society

R2 v1 2026-06-21T12:17:49.214Z