English

On graphs with no induced $P_5$ or $K_5-e$

Combinatorics 2023-08-17 v1 Discrete Mathematics

Abstract

In this paper, we are interested in some problems related to chromatic number and clique number for the class of (P5,K5e)(P_5,K_5-e)-free graphs, and prove the following. (a)(a) If GG is a connected (P5,K5eP_5,K_5-e)-free graph with ω(G)7\omega(G)\geq 7, then either GG is the complement of a bipartite graph or GG has a clique cut-set. Moreover, there is a connected (P5,K5eP_5,K_5-e)-free imperfect graph HH with ω(H)=6\omega(H)=6 and has no clique cut-set. This strengthens a result of Malyshev and Lobanova [Disc. Appl. Math. 219 (2017) 158--166]. (b)(b) If GG is a (P5,K5eP_5,K_5-e)-free graph with ω(G)4\omega(G)\geq 4, then χ(G)max{7,ω(G)}\chi(G)\leq \max\{7, \omega(G)\}. Moreover, the bound is tight when ω(G){4,5,6}\omega(G)\notin \{4,5,6\}. This result together with known results partially answers a question of Ju and Huang [arXiv:2303.18003 [math.CO] 2023], and also improves a result of Xu [Manuscript 2022]. While the "Chromatic Number Problem" is known to be NPNP-hard for the class of P5P_5-free graphs, our results together with some known results imply that the "Chromatic Number Problem" can be solved in polynomial time for the class of (P5,K5eP_5,K_5-e)-free graphs which may be independent interest.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2308.08166,
  title  = {On graphs with no induced $P_5$ or $K_5-e$},
  author = {Arnab Char and T. Karthick},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2308.08166},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

This paper is dedicated to the memory of Professor Frederic Maffray on his death anniversary

R2 v1 2026-06-28T11:56:44.744Z