English

Freiheitssatz and phase transition for the density model of random groups

Group Theory 2025-08-26 v2 Probability

Abstract

Magnus' Freiheitssatz states that if a group is defined by a presentation with mm generators and a single relator containing the last generating letter, then the first m1m-1 letters freely generate a free subgroup. We study an analogue of this theorem in the Gromov density model of random groups, showing a phase transition phenomenon at density dr=min{12,1log2m1(2r1)}d_r = \min\{\frac{1}{2}, 1-\log_{2m-1}(2r-1)\} with 1rm11\leq r\leq m-1: we prove that for a random group with mm generators at density dd, if d<drd < d_r then the first rr letters freely generate a free subgroup; whereas if d>drd > d_r then the first rr letters generate the whole group.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2111.08958,
  title  = {Freiheitssatz and phase transition for the density model of random groups},
  author = {Tsung-Hsuan Tsai},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.08958},
  year   = {2025}
}