相关论文: Photon counting sampling of phase space

The coherence properties of the classical waves are discussed in terms of the Cauchy problem for the wave equation, and of a discrete representation by an ensemble of Hamiltonian systems. Wave quanta are related to specific "action fields",…

Determining the state of a system and measuring properties of its evolution are two of the most important tasks a physicist faces. For the first purpose one can use tomography, a method that after subjecting the system to a number of…

An extended Wigner function formalism is introduced for describing the quantum dynamics of particles with internal degrees of freedom in the presence of spatially inhomogeneous fields. The approach is used for quantitative simulations of…

The notion of brightness is efficiently conveyed in geometric optics as density of rays in phase space. Wigner has introduced his famous distribution in quantum mechanics as a quasi-probability density of a quantum system in phase space.…

The quantum state of a system of qubits can be represented by a Wigner function on a discrete phase space, each axis of the phase space taking values in a finite field. Within this framework, we show that one can make sense of the notion of…

Non-classical states are of practical interest in quantum computing and quantum metrology. These states can be detected through their Wigner function negativity in some regions. In this paper, we calculate the ground state of the…

In this tutorial, we introduce the basic concepts and mathematical tools needed for phase-space description of a very common class of states, whose phase properties are described by Gaussian Wigner functions: the Gaussian states. In…

We present a general model to account for the multimode nature of the quantum electromagnetic field in projective photon-counting measurements. We focus on photon-subtraction experiments, where non-gaussian states are produced…

We determine a positive normalised phase space probability distribution $P$ with minimum mean square fractional deviation from the Wigner distribution $W$ .The minimum deviation, an invariant under phase space rotations, is a quantitative…

Systems built out of N-body interactions, beyond 2-body interactions, are formulated on the plane, and investigated classically and quantum mechanically (in phase space). Their Wigner Functions--the density matrices in phase-space…

When a two-level system -- a qubit -- is used as a probe of a larger system, it naturally leads to answering a single yes-no question about the system state. Here we propose a method where a single qubit is able to extract, not a single,…

The Wigner function was introduced as an attempt to describe quantum-mechanical fields with the tools inherited from classical statistical mechanics. In particular, it is widely used to describe the properties of radiation fields. In fact,…

The Wigner function, which provides a phase-space description of quantum systems, has various applications in quantum mechanics, quantum kinetic theory, quantum optics, radiation transport and others. The concept of Wigner function has been…

The properties of an alternative definition of quantum entropy, based on Wigner functions, are discussed. Such definition emerges naturally from the Wigner representation of quantum mechanics, and can easily quantify the amount of…

The basics of the Wigner formulation of Quantum-Mechanics and few related interpretational issues are presented in a simple language. This formulation has extensive applications in Quantum Optics and in Mixed Quantum-Classical formulations.

We derive the form of the quantum filter equation describing the continuous observation of the phase of a quantum system in an arm of an interferometer via non-demolition measurements when the statistics of an input field used for the…

Although the canonical phase of light, which is defined as the complement of photon number, has been described theoretically by a variety of distinct approaches, there have been no methods proposed for its measurement. Indeed doubts have…

We show that the de Broglie-Bohm interpretation can be easily implemented in quantum phase space through the method of quasi-distributions. This method establishes a connection with the formalism of the Wigner function. As a by-product, we…

Weak measurements of photon position can be used to obtain direct experimental evidence of the wavefunction of a photon between generation and ultimate detection. Significantly, these measurement results can also be understood as complex…

We analyse the phase space representation of the optimal measurement of a phase shift in an interferometer with equal photon loss in both its arms. In the local phase estimation scenario with a fixed number of photons, we identify features…