相关论文: Which causality? Differences between the trajector…
Understanding directed temporal interactions in multivariate time series is essential for interpreting complex dynamical systems and the predictive models trained on them. We present Causal-INSIGHT, a model-agnostic, post-hoc interpretation…
Two manifestations of decoherence, called instantaneous and dynamical, are investigated. The former reflects the suppression of the interference between the components of the current state while the latter reflects that within the initial…
Causal structures give us a way to understand the origin of observed correlations. These were developed for classical scenarios, but quantum mechanical experiments necessitate their generalisation. Here we study causal structures in a broad…
We describe how causality and energy-momentum conservation constrain the superhorizon behaviour of perturbation variables in a general FRW spacetime. The effect of intrinsic curvature upon the horizon scale is discussed and `white noise'…
The purpose of this note is to point out analogies between causal analysis in statistics and the correlation-response theory in statistical physics. It is further shown that for some systems the dynamic cavity offers a way to compute the…
At the heart of causal structure learning from observational data lies a deceivingly simple question: given two statistically dependent random variables, which one has a causal effect on the other? This is impossible to answer using…
We shall show that it is possible to make a causal interpretation of loop quantum cosmology using the momentum as the dynamical variable. We shall show that one can derive Bohmian trajectories. For a sample cosmological solution with…
Recent work has made important contributions in the development of causally-interpretable meta-analysis. These methods transport treatment effects estimated in a collection of randomized trials to a target population of interest. Ideally,…
It was shown using perturbation theory[1] that Thouless energy Ec for a quantum system scales linearly with the conductance of the system. We derive in an alternate way in 1-D that Ec scales with the conductance in a very different way. We…
The energy levels of the double-well potential receive, beyond perturbation theory, contributions which are non-analytic in the coupling strength; these are related to instanton effects. For example, the separation between the energies of…
Fluctuation effects at first order phase transitions driven by changes of other-than-temperature factors like pressure, concentration, or external fields are investigated by perturbation theory. The results for the fluctuation contributions…
Computational analysis of time-course data with an underlying causal structure is needed in a variety of domains, including neural spike trains, stock price movements, and gene expression levels. However, it can be challenging to determine…
Understanding the predictions made by deep learning models remains a central challenge, especially in high-stakes applications. A promising approach is to equip models with the ability to answer counterfactual questions -- hypothetical…
Early in the development of quantum theory Bohr introduced what came to be called the Copenhagen interpretation. Specifically, the square of the absolute value of the wave function was to be used as a probability density. There followed…
Structural causal models provide a formalism to express causal relations between variables of interest. Models and variables can represent a system at different levels of abstraction, whereby relations may be coarsened and refined according…
The thermal conductivity of classical multi-component fluids is seemingly affected by the intrinsic arbitrariness in the definition of the atomic energies and it is ill-conditioned numerically, when evaluated from the Green-Kubo theory of…
A discrete-time version of the replicator equation for two-strategy games is studied. The stationary properties differ from that of continuous time for sufficiently large values of the parameters, where periodic and chaotic behavior replace…
We evaluate four computational models of explanation in Bayesian networks by comparing model predictions to human judgments. In two experiments, we present human participants with causal structures for which the models make divergent…
Causality plays a central role in understanding interactions between variables in complex systems. These systems often exhibit state-dependent causal relationships, where both the strength and direction of causality vary with the value of…
This article surveys key conceptual and interpretational developments in quantum mechanics, tracing the theory from its foundational postulates to contemporary discussions of measurement, nonlocality, and the emergence of classicality.…