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Quantum metrology offers a quadratic advantage over classical approaches to parameter estimation problems by utilizing entanglement and nonclassicality. However, the hurdle of actually implementing the necessary quantum probe states and…

A quantum computer promises efficient processing of certain computational tasks that are intractable with classical computer technology. While basic principles of a quantum computer have been demonstrated in the laboratory, scalability of…

The cluster state model for quantum computation [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5188] outlines a scheme that allows one to use measurement on a large set of entangled quantum systems in what is known as a cluster state to undertake quantum…

This research applies concepts from algorithmic probability to Boolean and quantum combinatorial logic circuits. A tutorial-style introduction to states and various notions of the complexity of states are presented. Thereafter, the…

In an ordinary quantum algorithm the gates are applied in a fixed order on the systems. The introduction of indefinite causal structures allows to relax this constraint and control the order of the gates with an additional quantum state. It…

It is known in the context of decentralised control that there exist control strategies consistent with the requirements of a given information structure, yet physically unimplementable through any amount of passive common randomness. This…

Communication scenarios between two parties can be implemented by first encoding messages into some states of a physical system which acts as the physical medium of the communication and then decoding the messages by measuring the state of…

Quantum decision systems are being increasingly considered for use in artificial intelligence applications. Classical and quantum nodes can be distinguished based on certain correlations in their states. This paper investigates some…

We analyze the complexity of synthesizing random states and unitary operators in a multi-qudit system in two paradigms. In one case, we consider the situation in which we manipulate the system by applying a sequence of one- and two-qudit…

The creation complexity of a quantum state is the minimum number of elementary gates required to create it from a basic initial state. The creation complexity of quantum states is closely related to the complexity of quantum circuits, which…

Clustering is a NP-hard problem. Thus, no optimal algorithm exists, heuristics are applied to cluster the data. Heuristics can be very resource-intensive, if not applied properly. For substantially large data sets computational efficiencies…

In a quantum computer, creating superpositions of quantum bits (qubits) in different states can lead to a speed-up over classical computers [1], but quantum mechanics also allows for the superposition of quantum circuits [2]. In fact, it…

We present a classical protocol, using the matrix product state representation, to simulate cluster-state quantum computation at a cost polynomial in the number of qubits in the cluster and exponential in d -- the width of the cluster. We…

A general approach describing quantum decision procedures is developed. The approach can be applied to quantum information processing, quantum computing, creation of artificial quantum intelligence, as well as to analyzing decision…

As primitives for entanglement generation, controlled phase gates take a central role in quantum computing. Especially in ideas realizing instances of quantum computation in linear optical gate arrays a closer look can be rewarding. In such…

We provide an analysis of basic quantum information processing protocols under the effect of intrinsic non-idealities in cluster states. These non-idealities are based on the introduction of randomness in the entangling steps that create…

Measurement based quantum computation requires the generation of a cluster state (quantum resource) prior to starting a computation. Generation of this entangled state can be difficult with many schemes already proposed. We present an…

Tasked with the challenge to build better and better computers, quantum computing and classical computing face the same conundrum: the success of classical computing systems. Small quantum computing systems have been demonstrated, and…

In a recent work arXiv:2201.07655v2 we showed that there is a constant $\lambda >0$ such that it is possible to efficiently classically simulate a quantum system in which (i) qudits are placed on the nodes of a graph, (ii) each qudit…

We study how heralded qubit losses during the preparation of a two-dimensional cluster state, a universal resource state for one-way quantum computation, affect its computational power. Above the percolation threshold we present a…