相关论文: Hidden variables or hidden theories?

The puzzling properties of quantum mechanics, wave-particle duality, entanglement and superposition, were dissected experimentally at past decades. However, hidden-variable (HV) models, based on three classical assumptions of wave-particle…

Formulas for calculating the joint probability of outcomes of measurements performed on mutually non-interacting component systems of a combined system prepared in an entangled state are presented. The formulas are based on non-relativistic…

Experimental demonstrations of entangled quantum images produced through parametric downconversion have so far been confined to studying two photon correlations. Here we show that multiphoton correlations between quantum images are…

Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) pointed out that the quantum-mechanical description of "physical reality" implied an unphysical, instantaneous action between distant measurements. To avoid such an action at a distance, EPR concluded that…

The role of the timing and order of quantum measurements is not just a fundamental question of quantum mechanics, but also a puzzling one. Any part of a quantum system that has finished evolving, can be measured immediately or saved for…

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entanglement introduced in 1935 deals with two particles that are entangled in their positions and momenta. Here we report the first experimental demonstration of EPR position-momentum entanglement of…

Quantum nonlocality is arguably among the most counter-intuitive phenomena predicted by quantum theory. In recent years, the development of an abstract theory of nonlocality has brought a much deeper understanding of the subject. In…

We consider alternative models to quantum mechanics, that have been proposed in the recent years in order to explain the EPR correlations between two particles. These models allow in principle local hidden variables produced at the source,…

An EPR experiment is studied where each particle within the entangled pair undergoes a few weak measurements (WMs) along some pre-set spin orientations, with the outcomes individually recorded. Then the particle undergoes one strong…

In recent years, analysis methods for quantum states based on randomized measurements have been investigated extensively. Still, in the experimental implementations these methods were typically used for characterizing strongly entangled…

We simulate correlation measurements of entangled photons numerically. The model employed is strictly local. The correlation is determined by its classical expression with one decisive difference: we sum up coincidences for each pair…

In 1935, Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) considered two particles in an entangled state of motion to illustrate why they questioned the completeness of quantum theory. In the past decades, microscopic systems with entanglement in various…

We give an introduction to an entangled massive system, specifically the neutral kaon system, which has similarities to the entangled two photon system, but, however, also challenging differences.

A local, time-retarded hidden variable model is described that fits the recently measured EPR data from the Innsbruck collaboration. The model is based on the idea that waves in the zero-point field convey information from the detectors to…

Entanglement, including ``quantum entanglement,'' is a consequence of correlation between objects. When the objects are subunits of pairs which in turn are members of an ensemble described by a wave function, a correlation among the…

We formulate the classical polarization theory for light by using entanglement analysis. We demonstrate a route to a systematic and consistent measure of ordinary light polarization that extends automatically to a new understanding of the…

An experiment is described which proves, using single photons only, that the standard hidden variables assumptions (commonly used to derive Bell inequalities) are inconsistent with quantum mechanics. The analysis is very simple and…

The uncertainty principle, which bounds the uncertainties involved in obtaining precise outcomes for two complementary variables defining a quantum particle, is a crucial aspect in quantum mechanics. Recently, the uncertainty principle in…

We present the experimental observation of polarization entanglement for three spatially separated photons. Such states of more than two entangled particles, known as GHZ states, play a crucial role in fundamental tests of quantum mechanics…

Research in the application of quantum structures to cognitive science confirms that these structures quite systematically appear in the dynamics of concepts and their combinations and quantum-based models faithfully represent experimental…