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Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) provides information-theoretic security by exploiting the principles of quantum mechanics. Among QKD protocols, the BB84 scheme remains the most widely adopted for both theoretical research and practical…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-31 Jaydeep Rath , Prajwal Panth , P. S. N. Bhaskar

We devise a simple modification that essentially doubles the efficiency of a well-known quantum key distribution scheme proposed by Bennett and Brassard (BB84). Our scheme assigns significantly different probabilities for the different…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 M. Ardehali , H. F. Chau , Hoi-Kwong Lo

In this paper, we introduce a novel modification to the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol, aimed at enhancing its efficiency through the use of quantum memory and delayed measurement. In the standard BB84 protocol, the receiver…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-10-29 Mohammed Hassan , Omar Abouelazm

Modern security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) must take finite-size effects and composable aspects into consideration. This is also the case for continuous-variable (CV) protocols which are based on the transmission and detection…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-11-27 Stefano Pirandola , Panagiotis Papanastasiou

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the most widely studied quantum cryptographic model that exploits quantum effects to achieve information-theoretically secure key establishment. Conventional QKD contains public classical post-processing…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-07 Zixuan Hu , Zhenyu Li

We derive a bound for the security of QKD with finite resources under one-way post-processing, based on a definition of security that is composable and has an operational meaning. While our proof relies on the assumption of collective…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Valerio Scarani , Renato Renner

It is known that measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) provides ultimate security from all types of side-channel attack against detectors at the expense of low key generation rate. Here, we propose MDI-QKD using…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-03-08 Yonggi Jo , Wonmin Son

Error mitigation is one of the key challenges in realising the full potential of quantum cryptographic protocols. Consequently, there is a lot of interest in adapting techniques from quantum error correction (QEC) to improve the robustness…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-10-12 Shashank Kumar Ranu , Anil Prabhakar , Prabha Mandayam

All known qudit-based prepare-and-measure quantum key distribution (PM-QKD) schemes are more error resilient than their qubit-based counterparts. Their high error resiliency comes partly from the careful encoding of multiple bits of signals…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-12-16 H. F. Chau

A realistic Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol necessarily deals with finite resources, such as the number of signals exchanged by the two parties. We derive a bound on the secret key rate which is expressed as an optimization problem…

量子物理 · 物理学 2011-10-13 Silvestre Abruzzo , Hermann Kampermann , Markus Mertz , Dagmar Bruß

Quantum key distribution (QKD) refers to specific quantum strategies which permit the secure distribution of a secret key between two parties that wish to communicate secretly. Quantum cryptography has proven unconditionally secure in ideal…

量子物理 · 物理学 2008-10-14 C. Rodó , O. Romero-Isart , K. Eckert , A. Sanpera

The coherent one-way (COW) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a highly practical quantum communication protocol that is currently deployed in off-the-shelves products. However, despite its simplicity and widespread use, the security of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-12-26 Emilien Lavie , Charles C. -W. Lim

In the original BB84 protocol by Bennett and Brassard, an eavesdropper is detected because his attempts to intercept information result in a quantum bit error rate (QBER) of at least 25%. Here we design an alternative quantum key…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-05-13 Muhammad Mubashir Khan , Michael Murphy , Almut Beige

We present an approach to the unconditional security of quantum key distribution protocols based on the uncertainty principle. The approach applies to every case that has been treated via the argument by Shor and Preskill, and relieve them…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Masato Koashi

BB84-based quantum key distribution system is limited in high speed and chip integration due to the requirement of four states preparation and measurement. Recently, the simplified BB84 protocol with only three states preparation and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-06-19 Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

A Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol describes how two remote parties can establish a secret key by communicating over a quantum and a public classical channel that both can be accessed by an eavesdropper. QKD protocols using…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2020-01-27 Esmaeil Karimi , Emina Soljanin , Philip Whiting

We consider the asymptotic key rates achieved in the simplest quantum key distribution protocols, namely the BB84 and the six-state protocols, when non-uniform noise is present in the system. We first observe that higher qubit error rates…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-07-02 Gláucia Murta , Filip Rozpędek , Jérémy Ribeiro , David Elkouss , Stephanie Wehner

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two remote users to establish a secret key in the presence of an eavesdropper. The users share quantum states prepared in two mutually-unbiased bases: one to generate the key while the other monitors…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-05-03 Nurul T. Islam , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Clinton Cahall , Jungsang Kim , Daniel J. Gauthier

Shor and Preskill have provided a simple proof of security of the standard quantum key distribution scheme by Bennett and Brassard (BB84) by demonstrating a connection between key distribution and entanglement purification protocols with…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Daniel Gottesman , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables unconditionally secure communication ensured by the laws of physics, opening a promising route to security infrastructure for the coming age of quantum computers. QKD's demonstrated secret-key rates…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-12-15 Zheshen Zhang , Changchen Chen , Quntao Zhuang , Franco N. C. Wong , Jeffrey H. Shapiro