相关论文: The Maxwell wave function of the photon

According to the classical Einstein-Maxwell theory of gravity and electromagnetism, a light-wave traveling in empty space-time is accompanied by a gravitational field of the pp-type. Therefore point masses are scattered by a light wave,…

Photons have been a flagship system for studying quantum mechanics, advancing quantum information science, and developing quantum technologies. Quantum entanglement, teleportation, quantum key distribution and early quantum computing…

For a model of the electromagnetic field coupled to Weyl tensor, Maxwell equations are modified and photons at low frequencies no longer propagate along light cone. If we detect a black hole using these photons, some difficulties appear…

Using Ernst formalism, stationary axisymmetric black hole solution in Einstein-dark matter-dark energy gravity has been elaborated. The dark sector was chosen as dark photon concept, where an auxiliary U(1)-gauge field coupled to ordinary…

We consider the quantum field theory for a scalar model of the electromagnetic field interacting with a system of two-level atoms. In this setting, we show that it is possible to uniquely determine the density of atoms from measurements of…

The status of the photon in the modern physics was analysed. Within the frames of the Standard Model of particle physics the photon is considered to be the genuine elementary particle, being to be the messenger of the electromagnetic…

The classical electromagnetic field of a spinless point electron is described in a formalism with extended causality by discrete finite transverse point-vector fields with discrete and localized point interactions. These fields are taken as…

The formulation of a complete theory of classical electromagnetism by Maxwell is one of the milestones of science. The capacity of many-body systems to provide emergent mini-universes with vacua quite distinct from the one we inhabit was…

Coherent states are a well-established tool of quantum optics to describe electromagnetic waves in terms of photons. However, they do not describe the near-field regime of radiation sources. Instead, we generically use classical solutions…

The purpose of this paper is to show that the composite photon theory measures up well against the Standard Model's elementary photon theory. This is done by comparing the two theories area by area. Although the predictions of quantum…

Cavity QED canonical quantization theory is developed, taking into consideration the dual symmetry of Maxwell equations. The expression for the charge quantum is established for the first time.

This chapter derives the properties of light from the properties of processing, including its ability to be both a wave and a particle, to respond to objects it doesn't physically touch, to take all paths to a destination, to choose a route…

Quantum techniques are expected to revolutionize how information is acquired, exchanged, and processed. Yet it has been a challenge to realize and measure their values in practical settings. We present first photon machine learning as a new…

The identification of orbital angular momentum (OAM) as a fundamental property of a beam of light nearly twenty-five years ago has led to an extensive body of research around this topic. The possibility that single photons can carry OAM has…

We examine the generalized quantum electrodynamics as a natural extension of the Maxwell electrodynamics to cure the one-loop divergence. We establish a precise scenario to discuss the underlying features between photon and fermion where…

Kepler's observation of comets tails initiated the research on the radiation pressure of celestial objects and 250 years later they found new incarnation after the Maxwell's equations were formulated to describe a plethora of light-matter…

Choosing the right first quantization basis in quantum optics is critical for the interpretation of experimental results. The usual frequency basis is, for instance, inappropriate for short, subcycle waveforms. Deriving first quantization…

In scenarios where electrons are confined to a flat surface, such as graphene, quantizing electrodynamics reveals intriguing insights. We find that one of Maxwell's equations manifests as part of the Hamiltonian, leading to novel…

In an exact quantum-mechanical framework, we show that expectation values of the second-quantized electro-magnetic fields in the Coulomb gauge, and in the presence of classical sources, automatically lead to causal and retarded…

The theory of the free Maxwell field in two moving frames on the de Sitter spacetime is investigated pointing out that the conserved momentum and energy operators do not commute to each other. This leads us to consider new plane waves…