相关论文: An Optimal Photon Counting Polarimeter

While any two-dimensional mixed state of polarization of light can be represented by a combination of a pure state and a fully random state, any Mueller matrix can be represented by a convex combination of a pure component and three…

We describe a method for precise estimation of the polarization of a mesoscopic spin ensemble by using its coupling to a single two-level system. Our approach requires a minimal number of measurements on the two-level system for a given…

The use of polarimetric techniques is nowadays widespread among solar and stellar astronomers. However, notwithstanding the recommandations that have often been made about the publication of polarimetric results in the astronomical…

Accessing the polarization of photon allows to understand the mechanisms behind its emission or scattering, revealing much about a peculiar environment or a probed object. For energy above $\sim$10~MeV, the pair production dominates the…

High-quality photonic Bell state measurements (BSMs) enable scalable universal quantum computing and long distance quantum communication. However, when implemented with linear optics, BSMs are fundamentally probabilistic, introducing…

We propose probabilistic controlled-NOT and controlled-phase gates for qubits stored in the polarization of photons. The gates are composed of linear optics and photon detectors, and consume polarization entangled photon pairs. The fraction…

We construct an entangled photon polarimeter capable of monitoring a two-qubit quantum state in real time. Using this polarimeter, we record a nine frames-per-second video of a two-photon state's transition from separability to…

X-ray polarimetry promises to deliver unique information about the geometry of the inner accretion flow of astrophysical black holes and the nature of matter and electromagnetism in and around neutron stars. In this paper, we discuss the…

We present an imaging algorithm for polarimetric interferometric data from radio telescopes. It is based on Bayesian statistics and thereby able to provide uncertainties and to incorporate prior information such as positivity of the total…

Stokes polarimetry is widely used to extract the polarisation structure of optical fields, typically from six measurements, although it can be extracted from only four. To measure the required intensities, most approaches are based on…

We point out that, if one accepts the validity of quantum mechanics, the Bell parameter for the polarization state of two photons can be measured in a simpler way than by the standard procedure [Clauser, Horne, Shimony, and Holt, Phys. Rev.…

Polarization plays an important role in various time-domain astrophysics to understand the magnetic fields, geometry, and environments of spatially unresolved variable sources. In this paper we present the results of laboratory and on-sky…

In-line polarimeters perform non-destructive polarization measurements of optical signals, and play a critical role in monitoring and controlling the polarization environment in for example optical networks. While current in-line…

Single-photon detection and photon counting play a central role in a large number of quantum communication and computation protocols. While the efficiency of state-of-the-art photo-detectors is well below the desired limits, quantum state…

The polarizing multi-photon quantum states tomography with non-unit quantum efficiency of detectors is considered. A new quantum tomography protocol is proposed. This protocol considers events of losing photons of multi-photon quantum state…

Accurately estimating the overlap between quantum states is a fundamental task in quantum information processing. While various strategies using distinct quantum measurements have been proposed for overlap estimation, the lack of…

We have built and tested a compact, low-cost, but very-high-performance astronomical polarimeter based on a continuously rotating half-wave plate and a high-speed imaging detector. The polarimeter is suitable for small telescopes up to ~1 m…

We present a scheme for engineering the joint spectrum of photon pairs created via spontaneous parametric down conversion. Our method relies on customizing the poling configuration of a quasi-phase-matched crystal. We use simulated…

Quantum approaches relying on entangled photons have been recently proposed to increase the efficiency of optical measurements. We demonstrate here that, surprisingly, the use of classical light with entangled degrees of freedom can also…

One drawback of conventional quantum state tomography is that it does not readily provide access to single density matrix elements, since it requires a global reconstruction. Here we experimentally demonstrate a scheme that can be used to…