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We present a detailed analysis of the Bell measurement scheme proposed in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 113603 (2015)] based on a logical qubit using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entanglement of photons. The success probability of the…

We propose an efficient faithful polarization-state transmission scheme by utilizing frequency degree of freedom besides polarization and an additional qubit prepared in a fixed polarization. An arbitrary single-photon polarization state is…

This paper presents a proof-of-principle scheme for the protective measurement of a single photon. In this scheme, the photon is looped arbitrarily many times through an optical stage that implements a weak measurement of a polarization…

Single photons provide excellent quantum information carriers, but current schemes for preparing, processing and measuring them are inefficient. For example, down-conversion provides heralded, but randomly timed single photons, while…

A central requirement for any quantum error correction scheme is the ability to perform quantum non-demolition measurements of an error syndrome, corresponding to a special symmetry property of the encoding scheme. It is in particular…

We discuss the concept of polarization states of four-dimensional quantum systems based on frequency non-degenerate biphoton field. Several quantum tomography protocols were developed and implemented for measurement of an arbitrary state of…

We provide a tool for measuring the Stokes parameters and the degree of polarization of single photons by employing second order interference, namely the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometer. It is shown that the technique is able to…

We demonstrate that the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian approach can be used as a universal tool to design and describe a performance of single photon quantum electrodynamical circuits(cQED). As an example of the validity of this method, we…

Heralded entangling quantum gates are an essential element for the implementation of large-scale optical quantum computation. Yet, the experimental demonstration of genuine heralded entangling gates with free-flying output photons in linear…

We present the experimental quantum tomography of 7- and 8-dimensional quantum systems based on projective measurements in the mutually unbiased basis (MUB-QT). One of the advantages of MUB-QT is that it requires projections from a minimal…

The best qubit one-way quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol can tolerate up to 14.1% in the error rate. It has been shown how this rate can be increased by using larger quantum systems. The polarization state of a biphoton can encode a…

We determine the optimal parameters for a simple and efficient scheme of dispersive readout of a qubit. Depending on the qubit state (ground or excited), the resonance of a cavity is shifted either to the red or to the blue side. Qubit…

A method is proposed for generating and discriminating Bell states of high fidelity from consecutive single-photons generated in a semiconductor quantum dot. The use of a non-symmetric beam splitter is found to be essential and sufficient,…

In this paper we address the problem of optimal reconstruction of a quantum state from the result of a single measurement when the original quantum state is known to be a member of some specified set. A suitable figure of merit for this…

We describe an experimental study of spin-projection noise in a high sensitivity alkali-metal magnetometer. We demonstrate a four-fold improvement in the measurement bandwidth of the magnetometer using continuous quantum non-demolition…

The process of cavity mode quantum state photodetection subject to a nonideal measurement device is under consideration. A set of nonorthogonal probabilistic operator valued measures (POVMs) describing the photodetection process is…

We present a proof-of-principle experiment demonstrating measurement of the collectibility, a nonlinear entanglement witness proposed by Rudnicki et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 150502 (2011)]. This entanglement witness works for both mixed…

Three notions of complementarity - operational, probabilistic, and value complementarity - are reanalysed with respect to the question of joint measurements and compared with reference to some examples of canonically conjugate observables.…

Faithfully storing an unknown quantum light state is essential to advanced quantum communication and distributed quantum computation applications. The required quantum memory must have high fidelity to improve the performance of a quantum…

Non-deterministic noiseless amplification of a single mode can circumvent the unique challenges to amplifying a quantum signal, such as the no-cloning theorem, and the minimum noise cost for deterministic quantum state amplification.…