相关论文: Notes on Polarization Measurements

We report on the experimental implementation of a polarimeter based on a scheme known to be optimal for obtaining the polarization vector of ensembles of spin-1/2 quantum systems, and the alignment procedure for this polarimeter is…

The characterization of the quantum ensemble is a fundamental issue in quantum information theory and foundations. The ensemble is also useful for various quantum information processing. To characterize the quantum ensemble, in this…

The determination of the true source polarization given a set of measurements is complicated by the requirement that the polarization always be positive. This positive bias also hinders construction of upper limits, uncertainties, and…

We study repeated (noncontinuous) measurements on the electron spin in a quantum dot and find that the measurement technique may lead to a different met$ or mechanism to realize nuclear spin polarization. While it may be used in any case,…

For paraxial light beams and electromagnetic fields, the Stokes vector and polarization matrix provide equivalent scalar measures of optical chirality, widely used in linear optics. However, growing interest in non-paraxial fields, with…

Despite the virtues of Jones and Mueller formalisms for the representation of the polarimetric properties, for some purposes in both Optics and SAR Polarimetry, the concept of coherency vector associated with a nondepolarizing medium has…

Polarization phenomena are essential for the understanding of elementary processes, and are typically large in the threshold region. The selection rules with respect to P-parity, angular momentum, isotopic spin and the Pauli principle allow…

An easily constructed and operated polarimeter precisely determines the relative Stokes parameters that characterize the polarization of laser light. The polarimeter is calibrated in situ without removing or realigning its optical elements,…

Statistical ensemble formalism of Kim, Mandel and Wolf (J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 4, 433 (1987)) offers a realistic model for characterizing the effect of stochastic non-image forming optical media on the state of polarization of transmittedlight.…

A problem with an instructive description of measurement process for sufficiently separated entangled quantum systems is well known. More precise and crafty experiments together with new technological challenges raise questions about…

We give an elementary account of quantum measurement and related topics from the modern perspective of decoherence. The discussion should be comprehensible to students who have completed a basic course in quantum mechanics with exposure to…

The depolarization properties of a medium with associated Mueller matrix M are characterized through two complementary sets of parameters, namely the three indices of polarimetric purity (IPP), which are directly linked to the relative…

In Quantum Physics, a measurement is represented by a projection on some closed subspace of a Hilbert space. We study algebras of operators that abstract from the algebra of projections on closed subspaces of a Hilbert space. The properties…

We overcome one of Bell's objections to `quantum measurement' by generalizing the definition to include systems outside the laboratory. According to this definition a {\sl generalized quantum measurement} takes place when the value of a…

We introduce the concept of a "classical observable" as an operator with vanishingly small quantum fluctuations on a set of density matrices. It is shown how to construct them for a time evolved pure state. The study of classical…

The quantum measurement process by a single-electron transistor or a quantum point contact coupled to a quantum bit is studied. We find a unified description of the statistics of the monitored quantity, the current, in the regime of strong…

The technique of polarized neutron scattering is reviewed with emphasis on applications. Many examples of the usefulness of the method in various fields of physics are given like the determination of spin density maps, measurement of…

Polarization of the cosmic microwave background, though not yet detected, provides a source of information about cosmological parameters complementary to temperature fluctuations. This paper provides a complete theoretical treatment of…

I review basic principles of the quantum mechanical measurement process in view of their implications for a quantum theory of general relativity. It turns out that a clock as an external classical device associated with the observer plays…

We expand on our previous study of the impact of atmospheric seeing on polarization cross-talk, and show how the formalism that was developed in that work can be applied to treat the case of spatial modulators of polarization. Beside…