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We propose to analyse quantum protocols by applying formal verification techniques developed in classical computing for the analysis of communicating concurrent systems. One area of successful application of these techniques is that of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Rajagopal Nagarajan , Simon Gay

Entanglement-measurement attack is one of the most famous attacks against quantum cryptography. In quantum cryptography protocols, eavesdropping checking is an effective means to resist this attack. There are currently two commonly used…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-09 Zhaoxu Ji , Huanguo Zhang

The rise of quantum computers exposes vulnerabilities in current public key cryptographic protocols, necessitating the development of secure post-quantum (PQ) schemes. Hence, we conduct a comprehensive study on various PQ approaches,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-19 Saleh Darzi , Kasra Ahmadi , Saeed Aghapour , Attila Altay Yavuz , Mehran Mozaffari Kermani

The traditional way for a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) user to join a quantum network is by authenticating themselves using pre-shared key material. While this approach is sufficient for small-scale networks, it becomes impractical as the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-07-30 Juan Antonio Vieira Giestinhas , Timothy Spiller

Data that is transient over an unsecured wireless network is always susceptible to being intercepted by anyone within the range of the wireless signal. Hence providing secure communication to keep the user information and devices safe when…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2014-12-09 Priyanka Bhatia , Ronak Sumbaly

Quantum communication networks are connected by various devices to achieve communication or distributed computing for users in remote locations. In order to solve the problem of generating temporary session key for secure communication in…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-04-03 Li-Zhen Gao , Xin Zhang , Song Lin , Ning Wang , Gong-De Guo

Quantum bit seal is a way to encode a classical bit quantum mechanically so that everyone can obtain non-zero information on the value of the bit. Moreover, such an attempt should have a high chance of being detected by an authorized…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-11 H. F. Chau

We consider a cryptographically motivated framework for quantum metrology in the presence of a malicious adversary. We begin by devising an estimation strategy for a (potentially) altered resource (due to a malicious adversary) and quantify…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-01-05 Nathan Shettell , Elham Kashefi , Damian Markham

Attacks on classical cryptographic protocols are usually modeled by allowing an adversary to ask queries from an oracle. Security is then defined by requiring that as long as the queries satisfy some constraint, there is some problem the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2011-09-01 Ivan Damgaard , Jakob Funder , Jesper Buus Nielsen , Louis Salvail

We present and characterize advanced attacks on an ensemble-based quantum token protocol that allows for implementing non-clonable quantum coins. Multiple differently initialized tokens of identically prepared qubit ensembles are combined…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-06 Bernd Bauerhenne , Lucas Tsunaki , Jan Thieme , Boris Naydenov , Kilian Singer

The goal of quantum key distribution (QKD) is to establish a secure key between two parties connected by an insecure quantum channel. To use a QKD protocol in practice, one has to prove that a finite size key is secure against general…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-11-21 Tony Metger , Renato Renner

With the rapid development of quantum computing, classical cryptography systems are increasingly vulnerable to security threats, thereby highlighting the urgency of constructing architectures that are resilient to quantum computing attacks.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Xiaoming Chen , Haoze Chen , Fei Xu , Meifeng Gao , Jianguo Xie , Cheng Ye , An Hua , Shichang Jiang , Jiao Zhao , Minghan Li , Feilong Li , Yajun Miao , Wei Qi

Quantum cryptography is reviewed, first using entanglement both for the intuition and for the experimental realizations. Next, the implementation is simplified in several steps until it becomes practical. At this point entanglement has…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Nicolas Gisin , Nicolas Brunner

In this article I present a protocol for quantum cryptography which is secure against attacks on individual signals. It is based on the Bennett-Brassard protocol of 1984 (BB84). The security proof is complete as far as the use of single…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-10-31 Norbert Lütkenhaus

Experimental Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols have to consist of not only the unconditionally secure quantum transmission, but also a subsequent classical exchange that enables key reconciliation and error correction. There is a…

We present a new protocol for practical quantum cryptography, tailored for an implementation with weak coherent pulses. The key is obtained by a very simple time-of-arrival measurement on the data line; an interferometer is built on an…

Securing information transmission is critical today. However, with rapidly developing powerful quantum technologies, conventional cryptography techniques are becoming more prone to attacks each day. New techniques in the realm of quantum…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-09-10 Saiful Islam Salim , Adnan Quaium , Sriram Chellappan , A. B. M. Alim Al Islam

Biometric authentication has become integral to digital identity systems, particularly in smart cities where it en-ables secure access to services across governance, trans-portation, and public infrastructure. Centralised archi-tectures,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Tooba Qasim , Vasilios A. Siris , Izak Oosthuizen , Muttukrishnan Rajarajan , Sujit Biswas

The advent of quantum computing poses a profound threat to traditional cryptographic systems, exposing vulnerabilities that compromise the security of digital communication channels reliant on RSA, ECC, and similar classical encryption…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-31 G S Mamatha , Namya Dimri , Rasha Sinha

In order to prevent eavesdropping and tampering, the network security protocols use a handshake with an asymmetric cipher to establish a session-specific shared key with which further communication is encrypted using a symmetric cipher. The…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-10-01 Wenhua Gao , Li Yang , DaoDe Zhang , Xia Liu