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A quantum key distribution and identification protocol is proposed, which is based on entanglement swapping. Through choosing particles by twos from the sequence and performing Bell measurements, two communicators can detect eavesdropping,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Fei Gao , Fenzhuo Guo , Qiaoyan Wen , Fuchen Zhu

Recently, in Sci. Rep. \textbf{6} (2016) 28767, Li et al., have proposed a scheme for quantum key distribution using Bell states. This comment provides a proof that the proposed scheme of Li et al., is insecure as it involves leakage of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-09-26 Anirban Pathak , Kishore Thapliyal

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method that distributes a secret key to a sender and a receiver by the transmission of quantum particles (e.g. photons). Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) is a version of QKD with a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-04-27 Matthias Christandl , Roberto Ferrara , Karol Horodecki

We present security proofs for a protocol for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) based on encoding in finite high-dimensional Hilbert spaces. This protocol is an extension of Bennett's and Brassard's basic protocol from two bases, two state…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Mohamed Bourennane , Anders Karlsson , Gunnar Bjork , Nicolas Gisin , Nicolas Cerf

We report two key distribution schemes achieved by swapping quantum entanglement. Using two Bell states, two bits of secret key can be shared between two distant parties that play symmetric and equal roles. We also address eavesdropping…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Daegene Song

Entanglement swapping between Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs can be used to generate the same sequence of random bits in two remote places. A quantum key distribution protocol based on this idea is described. The scheme exhibits the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-10-31 Adan Cabello

In a Letter, Cabello proposed a quantum key distribution (QKD) Protocol which attended to Holevo limit. In this comment, we show that Eve could use a simple plan to distinguish among quantum keys, without being detected by Alice and Bob. In…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-13 A. Fahmi , M. Golshani

Satellite based quantum key distribution (QKD) aims to establish secure key exchange over long distances despite significant technological challenges. To alleviate some of these challenges, Ghalaii et al. [PRX Quantum 4, 040320 (2023)]…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-24 Lewis Wooltorton , Twesh Upadhyaya , Mohsen Razavi

The fabrication of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems typically involves several parties, thus providing Eve with multiple opportunities to meddle with the devices. As a consequence, conventional hardware and/or software hacking attacks…

The security of prepare-and-measure satellite-based quantum key distribution (QKD), under restricted eavesdropping scenarios, is addressed. We particularly consider cases where the eavesdropper, Eve, has limited access to the transmitted…

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

An efficiency-loophole-free quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme is proposed, which involves no hardware change but a modification in the data post-processing step. The scheme applies to a generic class of detection systems which allow…

量子物理 · 物理学 2008-12-24 Xiongfeng Ma , Tobias Moroder , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum key distribution (QKD) refers to specific quantum strategies which permit the secure distribution of a secret key between two parties that wish to communicate secretly. Quantum cryptography has proven unconditionally secure in ideal…

量子物理 · 物理学 2008-10-14 C. Rodó , O. Romero-Isart , K. Eckert , A. Sanpera

In a recent comment \cite{ch1} it has been claimed that an entangled-based quantum key distribution protocol proposed in \cite{zhang} and its generalization to d-level systems in \cite{v1} are insecure against an attack devised by the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-11 V. Karimipour

Entanglement is a well-known resource in quantum information, in particular it can be exploited for quantum key distribution (QKD). In this paper we define a two-way QKD scheme employing GHZ-type states of three qubits obtaining an…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-04-07 Davide Pastorello

We study a general quantum key distribution protocol in higher dimension. In this protocol, quantum states in arbitrary $g+1$ ($1\le g\le d$) out of all $d+1$ mutually unbiased bases in a d-dimensional system can be used for the key…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-02-02 Zhao-Xi Xiong , Han-Duo Shi , Yi-Nan Wang , Li Jing , Jin Lei , Liang-Zhu Mu , Heng Fan

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the most explored application of quantum information theory. A central problem in entanglement-based QKD (EB-QKD), is whether every entangled state can be used to extract a key. We observe that entanglement…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-09 Shubhayan Sarkar , Tushita Prasad , Karol Horodecki

We propose a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol that enables three parties agree at once on a shared common random bit string in presence of an eavesdropper without use of entanglement. We prove its unconditional security and analyze…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-12-23 Ryutaroh Matsumoto

We review the status of Bell's inequalities in quantum information, stressing mainly the links with quantum key distribution and distillation of entanglement. We also prove that for all the eavesdropping attacks using one qubit, and for a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Antonio Acin , Nicolas Gisin , Lluis Masanes , Valerio Scarani

Quantum-key distribution (QKD) schemes employing quantum communication links are typically based on the transmission of weak optical pulses over optical fibers to setup a secret key between the transmitting and receiving nodes. Alice…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-01-31 Debasish Datta