相关论文: How big is a quantum computer?
A theoretical model of a quantum device which can factorize any number N in two steps i.e. by preparing an input state and performing a measurement is discussed. The analysis reveals that the duration of state preparation and measurement is…
Quantum computers are emerging as a viable alternative to tackle certain computational problems that are challenging for classical computers. With the rapid development of quantum hardware such as those based on trapped ions, there is…
In the last few years, theoretical study of quantum systems serving as computational devices has achieved tremendous progress. We now have strong theoretical evidence that quantum computers, if built, might be used as a dramatically…
The ultimate limits of computation are not just logical, but physical. We investigate the physical resources -- time, energy, entropy, and free energy -- required to perform computational work. We apply the resulting measures of physical…
The current state of quantum computing is commonly described as the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum era. Available computers contain a few dozens of qubits and can perform a few dozens of operations before the inevitable noise erases all…
This chapter summarizes quantum computation, including the motivation for introducing quantum resources into computation and how quantum computation is done. Finally, this chapter articulates advantages and limitations of quantum…
A quantum computer has now solved a specialized problem believed to be intractable for supercomputers, suggesting that quantum processors may soon outperform supercomputers on scientifically important problems. But flaws in each quantum…
On the basis of introspective analysis, we establish a crucial requirement for the physical computation basis of consciousness: it should allow processing a significant amount of information together at the same time. Classical computation…
We consider quantum computation efficiency from a new perspective. The efficiency is reduced to its classical counterpart by imposing the semi-classical limit. We show that this reduction is caused by the fact that any elementary quantum…
Quantum computing is a new computational paradigm with the potential to solve certain computationally challenging problems much faster than traditional approaches. Civil engineering encompasses many computationally challenging problems,…
Quantum computing's potential is immense, promising super-polynomial reductions in execution time, energy use, and memory requirements compared to classical computers. This technology has the power to revolutionize scientific applications…
Recent technological developments have focused the interest of the quantum computing community on investigating how near-term devices could outperform classical computers for practical applications. A central question that remains open is…
An intense effort is being made today to build a quantum computer. Instead of presenting what has been achieved, I invoke here analogies from the history of science in an attempt to glimpse what the future might hold. Quantum computing is…
The two essential ideas in this paper are, on the one hand, that a considerable amount of the power of quantum computation may be obtained by adding to a classical computer a few specialized quantum modules and, on the other hand, that such…
Quantum computers leverage the principles of quantum mechanics to do computation with a potential advantage over classical computers. While a single classical computer transforms one particular binary input into an output after applying one…
Energy cost is increasingly crucial in the modern computing industry with the wide deployment of large-scale machine learning models and language models. For the firms that provide computing services, low energy consumption is important…
Quantum information science explores the frontier of highly complex quantum states, the "entanglement frontier." This study is motivated by the observation (widely believed but unproven) that classical systems cannot simulate highly…
What is computable with limited resources? How can we verify the correctness of computations? How to measure computational power with precision? Despite the immense scientific and engineering progress in computing, we still have only…
Quantum theory has found a new field of applications in the realm of information and computation during the recent years. This paper reviews how quantum physics allows information coding in classically unexpected and subtle nonlocal ways,…
We introduce a model of computation based on read only memory (ROM), which allows us to compare the space-efficiency of reversible, error-free classical computation with reversible, error-free quantum computation. We show that a ROM-based…