相关论文: What is the velocity of the electromagnetic field?
The force can be defined from the linear momentum in the gravitational field and electromagnetic field. But this definition can not cover the gradient of energy. In the paper, the force will be defined from the energy and torque in a new…
The object of this contribution is twofold. On one hand, it rises some general questions concerning the definition of the electromagnetic field and its intrinsic properties, and it proposes concepts and ways to answer them. On the other…
We discuss the theory of electromagnetic fields, with an emphasis on aspects relevant to radiofrequency systems in particle accelerators. We begin by reviewing Maxwell's equations and their physical significance. We show that in free space,…
The version of electrodynamics is constructed in which faster-than-light motions of fields and particles with real masses are possible. Transformational properties of 3-velocity, momentum, energy and electromagnetic field are presented in…
While the numerical value of the speed of light is known with extraordinary precision, its theoretical definition remains a subject of fundamental interest. We show that the definition of mass and velocity of light follow from the conserved…
Building on our previous work, we investigate the identification of the electromagnetic field as a local gauge field of a restricted group of synchrony transformations. We begin by arguing that the inability to measure the one-way speed of…
In the broken-symmetry phase of the electroweak theory there is no unique definition of the electromagnetic field tensor in cases where the magnitude of the Higgs field differs from a constant value. The meaning of the electromagnetic field…
In 2+1 dimensions, the evolution of flow under the influence of an external electromagnetic field is simulated. The external electromagnetic field is exponentially decaying with time. Under the same initial conditions, flow evolution with…
The gravitomagnetic field is the force exerted by a moving body on the basis of the intriguing interplay between geometry and dynamics which is the analog to the magnetic field of a moving charged body in electromagnetism. The existence of…
The special relativity principle presupposes that the states of the physical system concerned can be meaningfully characterized, at least locally, as such in which the system is at rest or in motion with some velocity relative to an…
The expression for the intensity of the electromagnetic field radiation is derived in the approximation next to the dipole one. The presented approach is based on fundamental equations from the introductory course on classical…
We investigate here the question raised in literature about the correct expression for the electromagnetic field-momentum, especially when static fields are involved. For this we examine a couple of simple but intriguing cases. First we…
The singularities of the electromagnetic field are derived to include all the point-like multipoles representing an electric charge and current distribution. Firstly derived in the static case, the result is generalized to the dynamic one.…
In electromagnetism, as in Newton's mechanics, action is always equal to reaction. The force from the electromagnetic field on matter is balanced by an equal and opposite force from matter on the field. We generally speak only of forces…
Conservation laws that are based on the divergence of a second-rank four-tensor are fundamentally different from conservation laws based on the divergence of a four-vector. This article investigates the consequences of this difference for…
Correct quantization of free electromagnetic field is proposed
Data from spacecrafts tracking exhibit many anomalies that suggest the dependence of the speed of electromagnetic radiation with the motion of its source. This dependence is different from that predicted from emission theories that long ago…
In the pass from classical to modern physics, the idea of supposing some quantities having distinct or bounded values and keeping the rest continuous has been useful in treating many problems. In this paper, we suppose an upper limit for…
The singularities of the electromagnetic field are derived to include all the point-like multipoles representing an electric charge and current distribution. Partial results obtained in a previous paper are completed to represent accurately…
The electromagnetic field can be expressed in terms of two complex potentials $ \alpha, \beta ,$ which are related to the Debye potentials. The evolution equations for these potentials are derived, which are separable either in parabolic…