相关论文: Interpreting Negative Probabilities in the Context…

Positivity, the assumption that every unique combination of confounding variables that occurs in a population has a non-zero probability of an action, can be further delineated as deterministic positivity and stochastic positivity. Here, we…

Unobserved confounders are a long-standing issue in causal inference using propensity score methods. This study proposed nonparametric indices to quantify the impact of unobserved confounders through pseudo-experiments with an application…

By deriving a general expression for multiplicity distribution (a conditional probability distribution) in statistical model, we demonstrate the mismatches between experimental measurements and previous theoretical calculations on…

Weak measurements of photon position can be used to obtain direct experimental evidence of the wavefunction of a photon between generation and ultimate detection. Significantly, these measurement results can also be understood as complex…

This paper is a sequel to the series of papers [gr-qc/9409010, gr-qc/9505034, gr-qc/9603022, gr-qc/9609035, gr-qc/9609046, gr-qc/9704033, gr-qc/9704038, gr-qc/9708014, gr-qc/9802016]. The problem of the meaning of objective a priori…

We discuss counterintuitive aspects of probabilities for systems of identical particles obeying quantum statistics. Quantum coins and children (two level systems) and quantum dice (many level systems) are used as examples. It is emphasized…

The well-known two-slit interference is understood as a special relation between observable (localization at the slits) and state (being on both slits). Relation between an observable and a quantum state is investigated in the general case.…

An interference experiment with entangled particles is theoretically analyzed, where one of the entangled pair (particle 1) goes through a multi-slit before being detected at a fixed detector. In addition, one introduces a mechanism for…

"Ever since the advent of modern quantum mechanics in the late 1920's, the idea has been prevalent that the classical laws of probability cease, in some sense, to be valid in the new theory. [...] The primary object of this presentation is…

I. This paper is devoted to the problem of error detection with quantum codes. In the first part we examine possible problem settings for quantum error detection. Our goal is to derive a functional that describes the probability of…

In its original formulation, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle describes a trade-off relation between the error of a quantum measurement and the thereby induced disturbance on the measured object. However, this relation is not valid in…

We propose Bell inequalities for discrete or continuous quantum systems which test the compatibility of quantum physics with an interpretation in terms of deterministic hidden-variable theories. The wave function collapse that occurs in a…

A simple minimalist argument is given for why some correlations between quantum systems boggle our classical intuition. The argument relies on two elementary physical assumptions, and recovers the standard experimentally-testable Bell…

Although position and time have different mathematical roles in quantum mechanics, with one being an operator and the other being a parameter, there is a space-time duality in quantum phenomena: a lot of quantum phenomena that were first…

We apply results from Baryshnikov, Brady, Bressler and Pemantle (2008) to compute limiting probability profiles for various quantum random walks in one and two dimensions. Using analytic machinery we show some features of the limit…

Even though measurement results obtained in the real world are generally both noisy and continuous, quantum measurement theory tends to emphasize the ideal limit of perfect precision and quantized measurement results. In this article, a…

Many quantum chemical similarity measures have been derived and substantiated by applying concepts and quantities from information theory to the electron density. To justify the use of information theory, the electron density is usually…

In Mod. Phys. Lett. A 9, 3119 (1994), one of us (R.D.S) investigated a formulation of quantum mechanics as a generalized measure theory. Quantum mechanics computes probabilities from the absolute squares of complex amplitudes, and the…

We examine the possible states of subsystems of a system of bits or qubits. In the classical case (bits), this means the possible marginal distributions of a probability distribution on a finite number of binary variables; we give necessary…

Two problems will be considered: the question of hidden parameters and the problem of Kolmogorovity of quantum probabilities. Both of them will be analyzed from the point of view of two distinct understandings of quantum mechanical…