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I discuss highlights in the progress that is being made toward calculating processes of importance in nuclear physics from QCD using high performance computing. As exa-scale computing resources are expected to become available around 2017,…

Although North Korea's nuclear program has been the subject of extensive scrutiny, estimates of its fissile material stockpiles remain fraught with uncertainty. In potential future disarmament agreements, inspectors may need to use nuclear…

The research activitities carried out in Italy during the last two years in the field of theoretical nuclear physics with electroweak probes are reviewed. Different models for electron-nucleus and neutrino-nucleus scattering are compared.…

The origin of the breakdown scale in an effective field theory treatment of nuclear forces is investigated. Different organizational schemes used in the nonperturbative calculation of nucleon-nucleon scattering seem to break down for…

The theoretical investigations at ITEP in the years 1945-1958 are reviewed. There are exposed the most important theoretical results, obtained in the following branches of physics: 1) the theory of nuclear reactors on thermal neutrons; 2)…

The analogy between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and nuclear weapons is prominent in academic and policy discourse on AI governance. This chapter reviews 43 scholarly works which explicitly draw on the nuclear domain to derive lessons for…

During the last 30 years, and more specifically during the last 10 years, many experiments have been carried out worldwide using different techniques to study the shell evolution of nuclei far from stability. What seemed not conceivable…

A very brief and popular account of the time machine problem.

According to physicist David Mermin, the science wars was a series of exchanges between scientists and "sociologists, historians, and literary critics" whom the scientists thought to be "ludicrously ignorant of science, making all kinds of…

This is an improved and extended exposition of the modified formulas for accounting for Coulomb-nuclear interference in hadron scattering which is intended to dispel recently claimed doubts.

On July 16, 1945, the Trinity nuclear test exploded in the desert near Alamogordo, NM. A variety of new diagnostic experiments were fielded in an effort to understand the detailed performance of the nuclear device. This article describes a…

South America is a region which is free from nuclear weapons. However, this was not an inevitable development from the relationships among its countries. Indeed, regional rivalries between Brazil and Argentina, with military implications…

Nuclear reactors have served as the antineutrino source for many fundamental physics experiments. The techniques developed by these experiments make it possible to use these very weakly interacting particles for a practical purpose. The…

"Ever since the advent of modern quantum mechanics in the late 1920's, the idea has been prevalent that the classical laws of probability cease, in some sense, to be valid in the new theory. [...] The primary object of this presentation is…

Three- and four-nucleon reactions are discussed. The focus is on the notion of nuclear potentials, on conceptual and technical issues of calculations and on unresolved problems between existing theoretical predictions and experimental data.…

Security risks from AI have motivated calls for international agreements that guardrail the technology. However, even if states could agree on what rules to set on AI, the problem of verifying compliance might make these agreements…

Over the past decades, atomistic simulations of chemical, biological and materials systems have become increasingly precise and predictive thanks to the development of accurate and efficient techniques that describe the quantum mechanical…

Quantum logic understood as a reconstruction program had real successes and genuine limitations. This paper offers a synopsis of both and suggests a way of seeing quantum logic in a larger, still thriving context.

Effective field theories are recognized nowadays as the framework to describe low-energy nuclear structure and reactions consistently with the underlying theory of the strong interactions, QCD. It was not always so. As we celebrate the 30…

We give a detailed account of the recent retrieval of a consistent amount (about 600 pages) of documents written by Enrico Fermi and/or his collaborators, coming from different sources previously unexplored. These documents include…