相关论文: Instrumentation
There are several inequivalent proposals in the literature for how to compute the probability distribution of the time that a detector registers for the arrival of a quantum particle. For two of these proposals, based on absorbing boundary…
Segregation is a popular phenomenon. It has considerable effects on material performance. To the author's knowledge, there is still no automated objective quantitative indicator for segregation. In order to full fill this task, segregation…
This primer is intended as an introduction to differential forms, a central object in modern mathematical physics, for scientists and engineers.
This document is a pedagogical introduction to statistics for particle physics. Emphasis is placed on the terminology, concepts, and methods being used at the Large Hadron Collider. The document addresses both the statistical tests applied…
In nuclear, particle and astroparticle physics experiments, calorimeters are used to measure the properties of particles with kinetic energies that range from a fraction of 1 eV to 10^20 eV or more. These properties are not necessarily…
The physics potential of timing layers with a few tens of pico-second resolution in the calorimeters of future collider detectors is explored. These studies show how such layers can be used for particle identification and illustrate the…
To give teenagers a new, everyday perspective on STEM topics, we use particle physics as our main topic to engage young students. Our strategy is designed to demystify particle physics, making it more accessible and attractive early in high…
Depending on the point of view, modern machine learning is either providing an unprecedented boost to the numerical methods of particle physics, or it is transforming the way we do science with vast amounts of complex data. In any case, it…
To develop an increase in societal interest in the fundamental sciences of particle physics and particularly for maintaining the support structures needed to succeed in experiments that take several decades to develop and complete, requires…
The 4th detector is rich in particle identification measurements from the dual-readout calorimeters, the cluster-timing tracking chamber, the muon spectrometer, and combinations of these systems. In all, a total of 13 measurements…
Particle IDentification (PID) is fundamental to particle physics experiments. This paper reviews PID strategies and methods used by the large LHC experiments, which provide outstanding examples of the state-of-the-art. The first part…
This is the third series of the lab manuals for virtual teaching of introductory physics classes. This covers fluids, waves, thermodynamics, optics, interference, photoelectric effect, atomic spectra, and radiation concepts. A few of these…
In this review I sketch the basic criteria and boundary conditions which have guided the design of the LHC detectors. The discussion will concentrate on the so-called general-purpose experiments, ATLAS and CMS. After an overview of the…
The Electron Ion Collider will have two interaction regions that can be instrumented with detectors. The first region will be instrumented as part of the project and needs to be capable of delivering the physics that has been outlined by…
Many tools and techniques measure local structure in materials in contexts ranging from biology to geology. We provide a survey of those tools and metrics that are especially useful for analyzing particulate soft matter. The metrics we…
An instrument has been developed for precision controlled exposures of electronic devices and material samples in particle beams. The instrument provides simultaneously a real time record of the profile of the beam and the fluence received.…
This contribution acts as an introduction to the requirements of the machine protection system. As the first step, the basics interactions of fast charged particles, neutrons and ${\gamma}$-rays with matter are summarized. The architecture…
By a detector, one has in mind a point particle with internal energy levels, which when set in motion on a generic trajectory can get excited due to its interaction with a quantum field. Detectors have often been considered as a helpful…
The evolution of particle detectors dates back to the discovery of X-rays and radioactivity in 1890s. In detector history, the Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) are introduced in early 1980s. An RPC is a gaseous detector made up of two…
The ability to categorize problems based upon underlying principles, rather than contexts, is considered a hallmark of expertise in physics problem solving. With inspiration from a classic study by Chi, Feltovich, and Glaser, we compared…