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An effective nucleon-nucleon interaction calculated in nuclear matter from the Bonn potential has been parametrized in terms of a local density- and energy-dependent two-body interaction. This allows to calculate the real part of the…

This is a pedagogical review on recent progress in the exact evaluation of physical quantities in interacting quantum systems at finite temperatures. 1D quantum spin chains are discussed in detail as typical examples.

We present the energetic aspect of open systems which may exchange particles with their environments. Our attention shall be paid to the scale that the motion of the particles is described by the classical Langevin dynamics. Along a…

In traditional thermodynamics, temperature is a local quantity: a subsystem of a large thermal system is in a thermal state at the same temperature as the original system. For strongly interacting systems, however, the locality of…

A parameter method is introduced in order to estimate the relationship among the various variables of a system in equilibrium, where the potential energy functions are incompletely known or the quantum mechanical calculations very…

The low-energy theorems for QCD are generalized to finite temperature. and chemical potential, including non-zero quark masses.

Ultracold atoms offer valuable opportunities where interparticle interactions can be controlled at will. In particular, by extinguishing the two-body interaction, one can realize unique systems governed by the three-body interaction, which…

We report an approach to obtain effective pair potentials which describe the structure of two-dimensional systems of active Brownian particles. The pair potential is found by an inverse method, which matches the radial distribution function…

We present an effective potential that allows quantum thermal expectation values of a position-dependent observable to be estimated as a classical ensemble average of the corresponding function. We follow the approach of Feynman and Hibbs,…

Using an accurate semi-analytic wavefunction for two electron atoms, we construct the external potential for varying strength of electron-electron (e-e) interaction. Using this potential we explicitly calculate the energy of their positive…

Three-parametric Lenard-Jones and Morse interatomic potentials are the simplest ones, which that can be used to obtain thermophysical properties of the liquid and solid substances. Upon adjusting the model parameters to real substance…

An effective quantum number determining with high accuracy the levels ordering in arbitrary centrally symmetric potentials for any space dimensionality is introduced and calculated by means of certain universal methods based on the known…

Based on a microscopic model, we use a functional integral approach to evaluate the quantum interaction energy between two neutral atoms. Each atom is coupled to the electromagnetic (EM) field via a dipole term, generated by an electron…

In this chapter we review the progress in experiments with hybrid systems of trapped ions and ultracold neutral atoms. We give a theoretical overview over the atom-ion interactions in the cold regime and give a summary of the most important…

We propose a two-qubit collisional phase gate that can be implemented with available atom chip technology, and present a detailed theoretical analysis of its performance. The gate is based on earlier phase gate schemes, but uses a qubit…

We propose the necessary and sufficient condition for the presence of quantum entanglement in arbitrary symmetric pure states of two-level atomic systems. We introduce a parameter to quantify quantum entanglement in such systems. We express…

Effective field theory provides a powerful framework to exploit a separation of scales in physical systems. In these lectures, we discuss some general aspects of effective field theories and their application to few-body physics. In…

Optimal control theory is a versatile tool that presents a route to significantly improving figures of merit for quantum information tasks. We combine it here with the geometric theory for local equivalence classes of two-qubit operations…

Several Monte Carlo algorithms and applications that are useful for understanding the concepts of temperature and chemical potential are discussed. We then introduce a generalization of the demon algorithm that measures the chemical…

The subject of effective interactions is introduced and applications in both quantum mechanics and quantum field theory are presented. In particular the use of chiral perturbation theory as an effective low energy description of QCD is…