相关论文: Global selection rule in chemical coupling
We consider viscous, heat conducting mixtures of molecularly miscible chemical species forming a fluid in which the constituents can undergo chemical reactions. Assuming a common temperature for all components, we derive a closed system of…
Chemical reactions involve the movement of charges, and this work presents a mathematical model for describing chemical reactions in electrolytes. The model is developed using an energy variational method that aligns with classical…
The quantum thermodynamic functions of a harmonic oscillator coupled to a heat bath through velocity-dependent coupling are obtained analytically. It is shown that both the free energy and the entropy decay fast with the temperature in…
The crucial role of ambient correlations in determining thermodynamic behavior is established. A class of entangled states of two macroscopic systems is constructed such that each component is in a state of thermal equilibrium at a given…
The chemical reactions are very complex, and include oscillation, condensation, catalyst and self-organization, etc. In these case changes of entropy may increase or decrease. The second law of thermodynamics is based on an isolated system…
We explore the efficacy of entanglement entropy as a tool for detecting thermal phase transitions in a family of gauge theories described holographically. The rich phase diagram of these theories encompasses first and second-order phase…
Ever since the appearance of the seminal work of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (The EPR-paradox), the phenomenon of entanglement, which features the essential difference between classical and quantum physics, has received wide theoretical…
We study the entanglement properties of a molecular three-qubit system described by the Heisenberg spin Hamiltonian with anisotropic exchange interactions and including an external magnetic field. The system exhibits first order quantum…
van't Hoff equation relates equilibrium constant $K$ of a chemical reaction to temperature $T$. Though the van't Hoff plot ($\ln K$ vs $1/T$) is linear, it is nonlinear for certain chemical reactions. In this work we attribute such…
A general and in principle exact approach for the continuous variable entanglement in a system of coupled harmonic oscillators in contact with a thermal bath is formulated. This allows a generalization to describe entanglement's existence…
The energy conversion efficiency of far-from-equilibrium systems is generally limited by irreversible thermodynamic fluxes that make contact with different heat baths. For complex systems, the states of the maximum efficiency and the…
Earlier it has been supposed that the law of conservation of energy in chemical reactions has the following form: DU=DQ-PDV+SUM(muiDN) In the present paper it has been proved by means of the theory of ordinary differential equations that in…
Accurate evaluation of enthalpy of vaporization (or latent heat of vaporization) and its variation with temperature is of great interest in practical applications, especially for combustion of liquid fuels. Currently, a theoretically…
We show that an interacting electronic system with a single ordinary or extended Van Hove point, which crosses the Fermi energy, is unstable against triplet superconductivity. The pairing mechanism is unconventional. There is no Cooper…
Activation/deactivation by inelastic collisions have been extensively studied at unimolecular reactions in gas phase where they are crucial for equilibration. As equilibration means an increase of entropy, the mechanism can also be…
Every time a chemical reaction occurs, an energy exchange between reactants and environment exists, which is defined as the enthalpy of the reaction. In the last decades, research has resulted in an increasing number of devices at the…
For chemical reaction networks described by a master equation, we define energy and entropy on a stochastic trajectory and develop a consistent nonequilibrium thermodynamic description along a single stochastic trajectory of reaction…
After a brief introduction to the concept of entanglement in quantum systems, I apply these ideas to many-body systems and show that the von Neumann entropy is an effective way of characterising the entanglement between the degrees of…
We consider a two-level atom that follows a wordline of constant velocity, while interacting with a massless scalar field in a thermal state through: (i) an Unruh-DeWitt coupling, and (ii) a coupling that involves the time derivative of the…
The entanglement properties of the phase transition in a two dimensional harmonic lattice, similar to the one observed in recent ion trap experiments, are discussed both, for finite number of particles and thermodynamical limit. We show…