相关论文: What is mass?

Einstein's most famous equation -- $E=mc^2$ -- generated a short-circuit between the concepts of mass and energy, which also affects other concepts like matter, radiation, and vacuum. Physics currently has a mixture of classical,…

For a one-dimensional conservative systems with position depending mass, one deduces consistently a constant of motion, a Lagrangian, and a Hamiltonian for the non relativistic case. With these functions, one shows the trajectories on the…

We propose the idea that not all energy is a source of gravity. We discuss the role of energy in the theory of gravitation and provide a formulation of gravity which takes into account the quantum nature of the source. We show that gravity…

A gravitational machine is defined as an arrangement of gravitating masses from which useful energy can be extracted. It is shown that such machines may exist if the masses are of normal astronomical size. A simple example of a…

We show that the rest mass of a system consisting of two photons is a relativistic invariant having the same magnitude in all inertial reference frames in relative motion. A scenario which starts with two photons where theirs frequencies…

In Minkowski spacetime, we consider an isolated system made of two pointlike bodies interacting at a distance, in the nonradiative approximation. Our framework is the covariant and a priori Hamiltonian formalism of "predictive relativistic…

Both relativistic mechanics and Newtonian mechanics are based on principles that have ontological implications. We propose a series of formalisms that rigorously define the ontology underlying mechanical theories, in order to clarify and…

We will prove that, in general, a system formed by several particles moving along relativistic trajectories can not be described by a mechanical system. The contradiction that leads to the previous assertion is due to the fact that a…

Energy has an ambiguous status in general relativity. For systems embedded in asymptotically flat space-times it is possible to construct an integral invariant that corresponds to total energy, however there is no local differential…

An approach is developed to find approximate solutions to the classical Newtonian problem of N bodies. Sets of N gravitating bodies having spherically symmetric mass distributions, small angular velocities (< 1 rad/s) and bounded position…

It has been shown in the past century that the particle inertia against velocity change has increased at higher velocity values. This increase has been predicted in principle in the framework of special theory of relativity. However, any…

Einstein claimed that the fundamental dynamical insight of special relativity was the equivalence of mass and energy. I disagree. Not only are mass and energy not equivalent (whatever exactly that means) but talk of such equivalence…

The purpose of this work is to show that the gravitational interaction is able to generate mass for all bodies. The condition for this is the existence of an energy distribution represented by the vacuum or the cosmological constant term $…

Expressions for variables of the center of mass and relative motions for two-body system with different and equal masses in three-dimensional spaces of constant curvature are introduced in the terms of biquaternions. The problem of the…

The mass spectrum problem (the 14th Ginzburg's problem) is analyzed in terms of the conventional reductional and alternative holistic frameworks. From the holistic viewpoint, substance (the same as energy) is the primary concept and…

We start from the well-known form of the interval of the special relativity, stare it, and build up an attempt to implement the causality from it. Some features appear to be new, they involve the mass of the particle and the structure of…

It is shown that the most important effects of special and general theory of relativity can be understood in a simple and straightforward way. The system of units in which the speed of light $c$ is the unit of velocity allows to cast all…

Cosmological solutions of Einstein equation for a \mbox{5-dimensional} space-time, in the case of a dust-filled universe, are presented. With these solutions we are able to test a hypothetical relation between the rest mass of a particle…

The concept of {\it active gravitational mass}, its definition and its relation with the sources of a gravitational field, was clearly established by Tolman in 1934. On the contrary, and surprisingly in our opinion, the concept of {\it…

Variable mass systems are a classic example of open systems in classical mechanics. The reaction forces due to mass variation propel ships, balloons, and rockets. Unlike free constant mass systems, the angular momentum of these systems is…