相关论文: Study of Equilibrium Using Collision Dynamics
In nuclear collisions induced by stable or radioactive neutron-rich nuclei a transient state of nuclear matter with an appreciable isospin asymmetry as well as thermal and compressional excitation can be created. This offers the possibility…
Experiments with trapped atomic gases have opened novel possibilities for studying the evolution of nonequilibrium finite quantum systems, which revived the necessity of reconsidering and developing the theory of such processes. This review…
We show the evolution of a gluon plasma towards equilibrium starting at some early moment when the momentum distribution in the central region is momentaneously isotropic. Using HIJING results for Au+Au collision as initial input, we…
We apply the momentum integrated Boltzmann transport equation to study the time evolution of various quark flavours in the central region of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. The effects of thermal masses for quarks and gluons are…
Heavy-ion collisions at the LHC provide the conditions to investigate regions of quark-gluon plasma that reach higher temperatures and that persist for longer periods of time compared to collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.…
We study thermal and chemical equilibration in 'infinite' hadron matter as well as in finite size relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions using a BUU cascade transport model with resonance and string degrees-of-freedom. The 'infinite'…
The elements of the quantum mechanical diffusion matrix, leading to a Gibbs equilibrium state for a set of $N$ coupled quantum harmonic oscillators are derived within Lindblad's axiomatic approach. Consequences of the fundamental…
The fluid-dynamical modeling of a nuclear collision at high energy usually starts shortly after the collision. A major source of uncertainty comes from the detailed modeling of the initial state. While the collision itself likely involves…
In the present paper, we study the uncertainties in modeling the collision of complex nuclei (heavy ions) resulting in capture of the nuclei into orbital motion. The effective interaction energy of the nuclei (effective potential) consists…
The early dynamics in heavy-ion collisions involves a rapid, far from equilibrium evolution. This early pre-equilibrium stage of the dynamics can be modeled using kinetic equations. The effect of this pre-equilibrium stage on final…
We present a complete systematically theoretical study of multifragmentation for asymmetric colliding nuclei for heavy-ion reactions in the energy range between 50 MeV/nucleon and 600 MeV/nucleon by using soft and hard equations of state.…
Quick chemical equilibration times of hadrons within a hadron gas are explained dynamically using Hagedorn states, which drive particles into equilibrium close to the critical temperature. Within this scheme master equations are employed…
Two identical finite quantum systems prepared initially at different temperatures, isolated from the environment, and subsequently brought into contact are demonstrated to relax towards Gibbs-like quasi-equilibrium states with a common…
Relative hadron abundances from high-energy heavy-ion collisions reveal substantial inhomogeneities of temperature and baryon-chemical potential within the decoupling volume. The freeze-out volume is not perfectly "stirred", i.e. the…
A radiative transport model is used to study kinetic equilibration during the early stage of a relativistic heavy ion collision. The parton system is found to be able to overcome expansion and move toward thermalization via parton…
We study mutual ionization in collisions between atomic hydrogen and helium at impact velocities near the electronic threshold for this process (determined by the condition that kinetic energy of an equivelocity free electron is…
Thermal models have proven to be an useful and simple tool used to make theoretical predictions and data analysis in relativistic and ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. A new version of these models is presented here, incorporating a…
Collisions of heavy ions (nuclei) at ultra-relativistic energies (sqrt(s_NN) >> 10 GeV per nucleon-nucleon collision in the centre of mass system) are regarded as a unique tool to produce in the laboratory a high energy density and high…
The nuclear photo-emulsion technique is used to study the information carried by the medium energy nucleons produced in heavy ion collisions. Multiplicity, energies as well as the angular distribution of this type of particles are measured.…
The fluid-dynamical modeling of a nuclear collision at high energy usually starts shortly after the collision. A major source of uncertainty comes from the detailed modeling of the initial state. While the collision itself likely involves…