相关论文: Negative modes and decay-rate transition

The problem of a massive elastic string depinning from a linear defect under the action of a small driving force is considered. To exponential accuracy the decay rate is calculated with the help of the instanton method; then, fluctuations…

Instanton crystal is a fascinating phase which is encountered when the minimum of the free energy corresponds to a configuration with an imaginary-time-dependent order parameter in the form of a chain of alternating instantons and…

The spontaneous decay of a V-type three-level atom placed in a negative-refractive-index waveguide is analyzed. We find that in thin waveguides, highly efficient surface guided modes are supported, which do not occur in positive index…

Previous study of properties of the first-order phase transition in a set of plasma mod-els with common feature - absence of individual correlations between charges of opposite sign, was continued. Predicted discontinuities in equilibrium…

Under appropriate assumptions the energy of wave equations with damping and variable coefficients $c(x)u_{tt}-\hbox{div}(b(x)\nabla u)+a(x)u_t =h(x)$ has been shown to decay. Determining the rate of decay for the higher order energies…

Radiative corrections to the decay rate in the low-Z hydrogen-like muonic atoms are considered. The correction arises from the Uehling potential and it has the relative order of alpha. The numerical results are reported for the 2p-1s…

The dynamics at the critical-point of a general first-order quantum phase transition in a finite system is examined, from an algebraic perspective. Suitable Hamiltonians are constructed whose spectra exhibit coexistence of states…

Energy decay plays a central role in a wide range of phenomena, such as optical emission, nuclear fission, and dissipation in quantum systems. Energy decay is usually described as a system leaking energy irreversibly into an environmental…

One-dimensional model of a system where first-order phase transition occurs is examined in the present paper. It is shown that basic properties of the phenomenon, such as a well defined temperature of transition, are caused both by…

This review discusses the dynamics of negative ion reactions with neutral molecules in the gas phase. Most anion-molecule reactions proceed via a qualitatively different interaction potential than cationic or neutral reactions. It has been…

Electroweak baryogenesis may solve one of the most fundamental questions we can ask about the universe, that of the origin of matter. It has become clear in the past few years that it also poses a multi-faceted challenge. In order to…

We revisit the proposal that an energy transfer from dark energy into dark matter can be described in field theory by a first order phase transition. We analyze the model proposed in Ref. Abdalla et al. (2013), using updated constraints on…

Alloys with a first-order magnetic transition are central to solid-state refrigeration technology, sensors and actuators, or spintronic devices. The discontinuous nature of the transition in these materials is a consequence of the coupling…

We calculate the lifetime of the deuteron from dimension-six quark operators that violate baryon number by one unit. We construct an effective field theory for $|\Delta B|=1$ interactions that give rise to nucleon and $\Delta B=1$ deuteron…

First order phase transitions in finite systems can be defined through the bimodality of the distribution of the order parameter. This definition is equivalent to the one based on the inverted curvature of the thermodynamic potential.…

A nonautonomous periodic chemostat model with delays modelling $n$ species in competition is considered. Sufficient conditions on the coefficients and consumption functions for the species are given, for both the extinction of the species…

We investigate the role of the cross decay rates in a system composed by two electromagnetic modes interacting with the same reservoir. Two feasible experiments sensitive to the magnitudes and phases of these rates are described. We show…

First-order irreversible phase transitions (IPT's) between an active regime and an absorbing state are studied in two models by means of both simulations and mean-field stability analysis. Hysteresis around coexistence is the result of the…

The effect of inclusion of higher-order interactions in the {\it XY} model on critical properties is studied by Monte Carlo simulations. It is found that an increasing number of the higher-order terms in the Hamiltonian modifies the shape…

Atomic arrays can exhibit collective light emission when the transition wavelength exceeds their lattice spacing. Subradiant states take advantage of this phenomenon to drastically reduce their overall decay rate, allowing for long-lived…