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Quantum Yang-Mills theory can be rewritten in terms of gauge-invariant variables: it has the form of the so-called BF gravity, with an additional `aether' term. The BF gravity based on the gauge group SU(N) is actually a theory of high spin…

We show that to cubic order double field theory is encoded in Yang-Mills theory. To this end we use algebraic structures from string field theory as follows: The $L_{\infty}$-algebra of Yang-Mills theory is the tensor product ${\cal…

String-inspired 1+1-dimensional gravity is coupled to Yang-Mills fields in the Cangemi-Jackiw gauge-theoretical formulation, based on the extended Poincar\'e group. A family of couplings, which involves metrics obtainable from the physical…

Standard superspace Feynman diagram rules give one estimate of the onset of ultraviolet divergences in supergravity and super Yang-Mills theories. Newer techniques motivated by string theory but which also make essential use of unitarity…

The advent of general relativity settled it once and for all that a theory of spacetime is inextricably linked to the theory of gravity. From the point of view of the gauge principle of Weyl and Yang-Mills-Utiyama, it became manifest around…

In this review we describe a non-trivial relationship between perturbative gauge theory and gravity scattering amplitudes. At the semi-classical or tree level, the scattering amplitudes of gravity theories in flat space can be expressed as…

We exhibit the gauge-group independence (``universality'') of all normalized non-intersecting Wilson loop expectation values in the large N limit of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory. This universality is most easily understood via the…

The field equations of the generalized field theory (GFT) are derived from an action principle. A comparison between (GFT), M\o ller's tetrad theory of gravitation (MTT), and general relativity is carried out regarding the Lagrangian of…

The duality map between gauge theories and strings suggests that when the gauge theory is in the weak coupling regime the dual string tension effectively tends to zero, $\alpha' \to \infty$. This observation of Sundborg and Witten initiates…

We study the Yang-Mills theory and quantum gravity at finite temperature, in the presence of Lagrange multiplier fields. These restrict the path integrals to field configurations which obey the classical equations of motion. This has the…

We write a gravity theory with Yang-Mills type action using the biconformal gauging of the conformal group. We show that the resulting biconformal Yang-Mills gravity theories describe 4-dim, scale-invariant general relativity in the case of…

We formulate the Exact Renormalization Group on the string world sheet for closed string backgrounds. The same techniques that were used for open strings is used here. There are some subtleties. One is that holomorphic factorization of the…

On the fiftieth anniversary of Yang-Mills theory, I review the contribution to its understanding by my collaborators and me. Contents: 1.Gauge Theories and Quantum Anomalies; 2.Mathematical Connections; 3. Gauge Field Dynamics other than…

We explore further the Hamiltonian formulation of Yang-Mills theory in 2+1 dimensions in terms of gauge-invariant matrix variables. Coupling to scalar matter fields is discussed in terms of gauge-invariant fields. We analyze how the…

General relativity can be recast as a theory of connections by performing a canonical transformation on its phase space. In this form, its (kinematical) structure is closely related to that of Yang-Mills theory and topological field…

Linearised gravity has a global symmetry under which the graviton is shifted by a symmetric tensor satisfying a certain flatness condition. There is also a dual symmetry that can be associated with a global shift symmetry of the dual…

A complexification of the twisted $\N=2$ theory allows one to determine the N=4 Yang--Mills theory in its third twist formulation. The imaginary part of the gauge symmetry is used to eliminate two scalars fields and create gauge covariant…

We formulate and explore the physical implications of a new translation gauge theory of gravity in flat space-time with a new Yang-Mills action, which involves quadratic gauge curvature and fermions. The theory shows that the presence of an…

We propose that chiral two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory on a Riemann surface is dual to a deformed stationary subsector of the Gromov-Witten theory of that Riemann surface. Firstly, we argue that the algebraic structure that underlies the…

We give an explicit gauge invariant, off-shell and local double copy construction of gravity from Yang-Mills theory to quartic order. To this end we use the framework of homotopy algebras, and we identify a rich new algebraic structure…