相关论文: On the Atmospheric Neutrino Anomaly and its Statis…
The atmospheric neutrino anomaly is the apparent reduction of the $\nu_{\mu}/\nu_{e}$ ratio observed in underground detectors. It represents either a reduction in the muon neutrino interaction rate or an excess of the electron neutrino…
The simplest explanation for the atmospheric neutrino anomaly is the transition of muon neutrinos and antineutrinos into states of different flavor. Data from the reactor experiment Chooz, and the measurement of the energy and angle…
This talk reports the latest indications of an anomaly in the measurements of atmospheric neutrinos. New results from Soudan-2 and Super-Kamiokande provide evidence that the ratio of nu_mu to nu_e interactions is not as expected. High…
The modern picture of the neutrino as a multiple mass highly mixed neutral particle has emerged over 40 years of study. Best known of the issues leading to this picture was the apparent loss of neutrinos coming from the sun. This article…
By exploiting differences in muon lifetimes it is possible to distinguish $\nu_{\mu}$ from $\bar{\nu_{\mu}}$ charged current interactions in underground neutrino detectors. Such observations would be a useful tool in understanding the…
The predictions of the atmospheric nu event rates are affected by significant uncertainties, however the evidence for the `disappearance' of nu_mu's and nubar_mu's obtained by SK (and other underground detectors) is robust and cannot be…
Recent observations of variability in the ``atmospheric neutrino'' rate place constraints on possible explanations of the atmospheric neutrino anomaly. Many proposed solutions to the problem are static and can not be adapted to the temporal…
We discuss the final results of the MACRO experiment on atmospheric neutrino oscillations. The data concern event topologies with average neutrino energies of ~3 and ~50 GeV. Multiple Coulomb Scattering of the high energy muons was used to…
We note a discrepancy between the value of R expected on the basis of the muon neutrino angular distribution and the value actually observed. The energy independence of $R$ leads to a fine tuning problem. This may be indicative of some…
The uncertainty in the calculation of atmospheric neutrino fluxes is studied. The absolute value of atmospheric neutrino fluxes is sensitive to variation of the primary cosmic ray flux model and/or the interaction model. However, the ratios…
The precise knowledge of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes is a key ingredient in the interpretation of the results from any atmospheric neutrino experiment. In the standard atmospheric neutrino data analysis, these fluxes are theoretical…
The relevance of the data concerning upward--going muons for the solution of the atmospheric neutrino problem is stressed. In particular, their inclusion in the analysis confirms the goodness of the neutrino oscillation hypothesis and…
This paper reviews the history of the atmospheric neutrino anomaly. The historical record does not support more recent claims that the anomaly constitutes evidence for a neutrino mass. Most experiments have reported an apparent muon…
We suggest that the atmospheric neutrino anomaly observed in the Super-Kamiokande (and other) experiments results from the combined effects of muon-neutrino to tau-neutrino oscillations with a Delta m^2 value of approximately 0.4 eV^2 and…
We compare several different calculations of the atmospheric neutrino flux in the energy range relevant for contained neutrino interactions, and we identify the major sources of difference among the calculations. We find nothing that would…
We present the measurement of two event samples induced by atmospheric $\nu_\mu$ of average energy $ \bar {E}_\nu \sim 4 GeV$. In the first sample, the neutrino interacts inside the MACRO detector producing an upward-going muon leaving the…
The $\nu_{\mu} \to \nu_{\tau}$ and $\nu_{\mu} \to \nu_s$ solutions to the atmospheric neutrino problem are compared with SuperKamiokande data. The differences between these solutions due to matter effects in the Earth are calculated for the…
Non-standard interactions of neutrinos arising in many theories beyond the Standard Model can significantly alter matter effects in atmospheric neutrino propagation through the Earth. In this paper, a search for deviations from the…
This review of atmospheric muons and neutrinos emphasizes the high energy range relevant for backgrounds to high-energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin. After a brief historical introduction, the main distinguishing features of…
The atmospheric neutrino-flux is calculated over the wide energy range from 1 GeV to 3,000 GeV for the study of neutrino-physics using the data from underground neutrino-detectors. The uncertainty of atmospheric neutrino-flux is also…