相关论文: Fluctuations at Phase Transitions

We propose a mechanism of a vortex nucleation in a flow of a superfluid $^4He$. The mechanism is related to the creation by critical fluctuations of a "plasma" of half-vortex rings located near the wall. The "plasma" screens the attraction…

In the present paper which is a sequel to [N.B. Volkov and A.M. Iskoldsky The dynamics of vortex structures and states of current: 1;[1]], the dynamics of non-equilibrium phase transitions and states of current in electrophysical systems…

This article reviews the current status of precursor superconducting phase fluctuations as a possible mechanism for pseudogap formation in high-temperature superconductors. In particular we compare this approach which relies on the…

In the first one of these two lectures, I give an introductory review of phase transitions in finite temperature field theories. I highlight the differences between theories with global and local symmetries, and the similarities between…

Kibble and Zurek have provided a unifying causal picture for the appearance of classical defects like cosmic strings or vortices at the onset of phase transitions in relativistic QFT and condensed matter systems respectively. In condensed…

We simulate the production of vortices in a first order phase transition at finite temperature. The transition is carried out by randomly nucleating critical bubbles and the effects of thermal fluctuations (which could be relevant for…

We discuss the effects of quantum fluctuations on the properties of vortex lattices in rapidly rotating ultracold atomic gases. We develop a variational method that goes beyond the Bogoliubov theory by including the effects of interactions…

Formation of topological defects during symmetry breaking phase transitions via the {\it Kibble mechanism} is extensively used in systems ranging from condensed matter physics to the early stages of the universe. Kibble mechanism uses…

Spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking in superconductors with competing non-degenerate pairing channels is an exotic quantum phase transition that could give rise to robust topological superconductivity and unusual magnetism. It is…

The quantum to classical transition of fluctuations in the early universe is still not completely understood. Some headway has been made incorporating the effects of decoherence and the squeezing of states, though the methods and procedures…

We numerically analyse quantum survival probability fluctuations in an open, classically chaotic system. In a quasi-classical regime, and in the presence of classical mixed phase space, such fluctuations are believed to exhibit a fractal…

The experimental investigation of spontaneously created vortices is of utmost importance for the understanding of quantum phase transitions towards a superfluid phase, especially for two dimensional systems that are expected to be governed…

We suggest to perform systematic measurements of the elliptic flow fluctuations which are sensitive to the early stage dynamics of heavy-ion collisions at high-energies. Significant flow fluctuations are shown to be generated due to the…

We use analytical arguments and large-scale Monte Carlo calculations to investigate the nature of the phase transitions between distinct complex superfluid phases in a two-component Bose--Einstein condensate when a non-dissipative drag…

Normally the role of phase fluctuations in superfluids and superconductors is to drive a phase transition to the normal state. This happens due to proliferation of topologically nontrivial phase fluctuations in the form of vortices. Here we…

We analyze the physical meaning of fluctuations of the phase space contraction rate, that we also call entropy creation rate, and its observability in space-time intermittency phenomena. For concreteness we consider a Navier-Stokes fluid.

The driven state of a well-ordered flux line lattice in a single crystal of 2H-NbSe2 in the time domain has revealed the presence of substantial fluctuations in velocity, with large and distinct time periods (~ seconds). A superposition of…

Recently new topological phase of superfluid $^3$He has been discovered -- the $\beta$ phase, which is obtained by strong polarization of the nematic polar phase. We consider half-quantum vortices, which are formed in rotating cryostat, and…

We study the importance of thermal fluctuations during the electroweak phase transition. We evaluate in detail the equilibrium number density of large amplitude subcritical fluctuations and discuss the importance of phase mixing to the…

We examine from first principles one of the basic assumptions of modern quantum theories of structure formation in the early universe, i.e., the conditions upon which fluctuations of a quantum field may transmute into classical stochastic…