相关论文: A Note on Thermal Activation

Because of its nonequilibrium character, active matter in a steady state can drive engines that autonomously deliver work against a constant mechanical force or torque. As a generic model for such an engine, we consider systems that contain…

Out of thermal equilibrium, an environment imposes effective mechanical forces on microscopical nanofabricated devices, chemical or biological systems. Here we address the question of how to calculate these forces together with the response…

Path thermodynamic formulation of non-equilibrium reactive systems is considered. It is shown through simple practical examples that this approach can lead to results that contradict well established thermodynamic properties of such…

We compute the quadratic part of the thermal effective action for real scalar fields which are initially in thermal equilibrium and vary slowly in time using a generalised real-time formalism proposed by Le Bellac and Mabilat \cite{belmab}.…

Jumps between neighboring minima in the energy landscape of both homopolymeric and heteropolymeric chains are numerically investigated by determining the average escape time from different valleys. The numerical results are compared to the…

We formally extend the energy landscape approach for the thermodynamics of liquids to account for saddle points. By considering the extensive nature of macroscopic potential energies, we derive the scaling behavior of saddles with system…

In this paper, we derive a number of inequalities which express power-efficiency trade-offs that hold generally for thermodynamic machines operating in non-equilibrium stationary states. One of these inequalities concerns the output power,…

Physical systems that power motion and create structure in a fixed amount of time dissipate energy and produce entropy. Whether living or synthetic, systems performing these dynamic functions must balance dissipation and speed. Here, we…

Using mean field theory and a mesoscale elastoplastic model, we analyze the steady state shear rheology of thermally activated amorphous solids. At sufficiently high temperature and driving rates, flow is continuous and described by…

Hysteresis can be found in driven many-body systems such as magnets and superfluids. Rate-dependent hysteresis arises when a system is driven periodically while relaxing towards equilibrium. A two-state paramagnet driven by an oscillating…

The problem of estimating entropy production from incomplete information in stochastic thermodynamics is essential for theory and experiments. Whereas a considerable amount of work has been done on this topic, arguably, most of it is…

Thermodynamic random processes in thermal systems are generally associated with one or several relaxation times, the inverse of which are formally homogeneous with energy. Here, we show in a precise way that the periodic modification of…

New techniques for evaluating the closed time path action for non-equilibrium quantum fields are presented. A derivative expansion is performed using a proper time kernel. Applications relevant to the scalar field theory of warm inflation…

Active systems evade the rules of equilibrium thermodynamics by constantly dissipating energy at the level of their microscopic components. This energy flux stems from the conversion of a fuel, present in the environment, into sustained…

Instabilities in thermodynamic systems are often undesirable, as they can lead to loss of control or even catastrophic behavior. Yet, the same mechanisms can also generate rich nonequilibrium behavior and may play a constructive role in…

We predict the existence of a torque acting on an isotropic neutral nanosphere activated by a static magnetic field when the particle temperature differs from the surrounding vacuum. This phenomenon originates in time-reversal symmetry…

Active particles have become a subject of intense interest across several disciplines from animal behavior to granular physics. Usually the models of such particles contain an explicit internal driving. Here we propose a model with implicit…

Active matter is rapidly becoming a key paradigm of out-of-equilibrium soft matter exhibiting complex collective phenomena, yet the thermodynamics of such systems remain poorly understood. In this letter we study the nonequilbrium…

We employ a novel hydrodynamic framework for active matter coupled to an environment to study the local temperature of an active nematic, assuming proximity to thermal equilibrium. We show that, due to the mechanosensitivity of fuel…

The time-dependent thermopower is analyzed through an interacting quantum dot coupled to a time-dependent gate voltage and under the influence of an external magnetic field using the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's function formalism. Formal…