相关论文: Conditions driving chemical freeze-out
It is shown that the freezeout parameters estimated in the heavy-ion collisions all are well described by a constant value of the entropy density $s$ divided by $T^3$. The value of $s/T^3$ has been taken from the lattice QCD simulations at…
One surprising result in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is that the abundance of various particles measured in experiments is consistent with the picture that they reach chemical equilibrium at a temperature much higher than the…
The status of the energy dependence of the chemical freeze-out temperature and chemical potential obtained in heavy ion collisions is presented. Recent proposals for chemical freeze-out conditions are compared.
We argue that the chemical freeze-out in heavy ion collisions at high baryon density is not associated to a phase transition or rapid crossover. We employ the linear nucleon-meson model with parameters fixed by the zero-temperature…
It is demonstrated that there exists a direct correlation between chemical freeze-out point and the softest point of the equation of state where the pressure divided by the energy density, $p(\epsilon)/\epsilon$, has a minimum. A dynamical…
One of the most remarkable results to emerge from heavy-ion collisions over the past two decades is the striking regularity shown by particle yields at all energies. This has led to several very successful proposals describing particle…
The chemical freeze-out curve in heavy-ion collisions is investigated in the context of a quantum chromodynamics (QCD) critical point (CP) search at finite baryon densities. Taking the hadron resonance gas picture at face value, chemical…
A brief review is presented of the status of the thermal model and chemical freeze-out in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Some interewsting aspects at lower energies are emphasized.
We explore the consequences of a freeze-out criterion for heavy-ion collisions, based on pion escape probabilities from the hot and dense but rapidly expanding collision region. The influence of the expansion and the scattering rate on the…
It is shown that the condition for chemical freeze-out, average energy per hadron approximately 1 GeV, selects the softest point of the equation of state, namely the point where the pressure divided by the energy density has a minimum. The…
Freeze-out conditions in Heavy Ion Collisions are generally determined by comparing experimental results for ratios of particle yields with theoretical predictions based on applications of the Hadron Resonance Gas model. We discuss here how…
We present a determination of chemical freeze-out conditions in heavy ion collisions based on ratios of cumulants of net electric charge fluctuations. These ratios can reliably be calculated in lattice QCD for a wide range of chemical…
We describe a procedure for determination of freeze-out parameters of heavy-ion collisions through direct comparisons between experimentally measured higher order cumulants of charge fluctuations and first principle (lattice) QCD…
We propose a general approach to freezing out fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions using the principle of maximum entropy. We find the results naturally expressed as a direct relationship between the irreducible relative correlators…
We use a kinetic condition to predict the chemical freeze-out parameters for hadronic species produced in heavy ion collisions. The resulting freeze-out lines for different hadrons lie close to one another in the temperature and…
The present knowledge about hadrons produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions is compatible with chemical freeze-out happening when the energy density divided by the particle density reaches the value of 1 GeV. This observation is used…
An alternative, to the commonly used blast-wave, model describing the freeze-out hypersurface is applied to fit the $p_{T}$-spectra of identified hadrons measured at relativistic heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=62.4, 130$ and 200…
Systematic trends of baryon transport, chemical freeze-out, and kinetic freeze-out in high energy nuclear collisions are presented. Further measurements of particles with heavy flavors are proposed in order to shed light on collision…
Motivated by the recent experimental observations, we discuss the freeze-out properties of the fireball created in central heavy ion collisions. We find that the freeze-out conditions, like temperature, velocity gradient near center of the…
One of the main goals of heavy-ion collision experiments is to study the structure of the QCD phase diagram. The QCD phase diagram is typically plotted as temperature ($T$) vs. baryon chemical potential ($\mu_{B}$). The statistical thermal…