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Due to their very fast signal rise time in the order of 1 ns, Silicon-Photomultipliers have become of increasing interest for many experiments that require very good timing resolution. With the prospect of an application in medical imaging…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2019-05-01 Reimund Bayerlein , Ivor Fleck , Todd Peterson , Albert H. Walenta

The photon detection efficiency of two sets of R10560-100-20 superbialkali photomultiplier tubes from Hamamatsu were measured between 200 nm and 750 nm to quantify a possible degradation of the photocathode sensitivity after four years of…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2016-12-21 Eliza Gazda , Thanh Nguyen , Nepomuk Otte , Gregory Richards

Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are traditionally an integral part of large underground experiments as they measure the light emission from particle interactions within the enclosed detection media. The BUTTON experiment will utilise around…

A ring-imaging \v{C}erenkov counter read out by a 100-channel PMT of active area 10$\times$10 cm$^2$ was operated successfully in a test beam at the BNL AGS with several radiator gases, including the heavy fluorocarbon C$_4$F$_{10}$. Ring…

高能物理 - 实验 · 物理学 2010-11-01 R. Debbe , S. Gushue , B. Moskowitz , J. Norris , J. Olness , F. Videbaek

The TORCH time-of-flight detector is designed to provide a 15 ps timing resolution for charged particles, resulting in $\pi$/$K$ particle identification up to 10 GeV/c momentum over a 10 m flight path. Cherenkov photons, produced in a…

The use of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) in imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes is expected to extend the observation times of very-high-energy gamma-ray sources, particularly within the highest energy domain of 50-300 TeV, where…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2023-09-19 Akira Okumura , Kawori Wakazono , Kazuhiro Furuta , Hiroyasu Tajima

Many of the characteristics of Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs), such as high Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE), are well matched to the requirements of the cameras of the Small-Sized Telescopes (SSTs) proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2018-08-24 Giuseppe Romeo , Giovanni Bonanno , Giorgia Sironi , Maria Cristina Timpanaro

Photomultiplier tube technology has been the photodetector of choice for the technique of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes since its birth more than 50 years ago. Recently, new types of photosensors are being contemplated for the…

Both the future CBM-RICH and the recently upgraded HADES-RICH use Hamamatsu H12700 Multi-Anode Photomultipliers (MAPMTs) as their photon detectors. To test the MAPMTs thoroughly before using them in the detectors, the photon sensors were…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2025-08-04 J. Förtsch , K. -H. Kampert , V. Patel , C. Pauly , D. Pfeifer

The Hamamatsu R11410-21 photomultiplier tube is the photodetector of choice for the XENON1T dual-phase time projection chamber. The device has been optimized for a very low intrinsic radioactivity, a high quantum efficiency and a high…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2017-03-08 P. Barrow , L. Baudis , D. Cichon , M. Danisch , D. Franco , F. Kaether , A. Kish , M. Lindner , T. Marrodan Undagoitia , D. Mayani , L. Rauch , Y. Wei , J. Wulf

In the PANDA experiment at the FAIR facility at GSI two DIRC (Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light) detectors will be used for $\pi$/K separation up to 4 GeV/c. Due to their location in a high magnetic field and other stringent…

Photosensitive gaseous detectors with a simple photoelectron multiplication mechanism as resistive plate chambers are expected to offer both large photo coverage and excellent time resolution while keeping costs low. We have developed a…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2025-02-25 R. Okubo , K. Matsuoka , T. Iijima , K. Inami , Y. Horii , K. Suzuki , K. Sumi , T. Ichikawa , K. Ueda , S. Koji , A. Kondo , K. Chiba

The recent improvements in the performance of the silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) made them attractive options as photo sensors of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs). In fact, they are already adopted in some IACTs such as…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2023-09-20 Takayuki. Saito , K. Hashiyama , H. Iwasaki , H. Kubo , M. Mizote , A. Okumura , H. Tajima , T. Yamamoto

Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are essential in xenon detectors like PandaX, LZ, and XENON experiments for dark matter searches and neutrino properties measurement. To minimize PMT-induced backgrounds, stringent requirements on PMT…

A first experimental test of tracking relativistic charged particles by `drifting' Cherenkov photons in a water-based optical time-projection chamber (OTPC) has been performed at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility. The prototype OTPC detector…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2016-02-17 E. Oberla , H. J. Frisch

The TORCH time-of-flight detector is designed to provide particle identification in the momentum range 2-10 GeV/c over large areas. The detector exploits prompt Cherenkov light produced by charged particles traversing a 10 mm thick quartz…

We report on a low-cost apparatus to extend a photomultiplier tube (PMT) testing setup to operations at high humidity and/or at an elevated temperature. This setup allows a determination of whether a PMT can successfully operate for an…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2025-09-25 A. Germer , K. Park , C. Skuse , C. Yang , D. S. Parno

A prototype of a position sensitive photo-detector with 5.6 x 5.6 cm2 detection area readout with 64 Hamamatsu MPPCs (S10931-100P) with 3 x 3 mm2 active area each has been built and tested. The photo-sensors are arranged in a 8 x 8 array…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2015-06-03 L. Gruber , G. S. M. Ahmed , S. E. Brunner , P. Bühler , J. Marton , K. Suzuki

The Probe for Luminosity Measurement detector is a novel luminometer designed to monitor the luminosity and beam conditions of the Large Hadron Collider at the interaction point of the LHCb experiment, starting from Run 3. The detector is…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2026-05-19 A. Bellavista , A. Carbone , V. Chaumat , F. Ferrari , T. Nguyen-Trung , V. Puill , L. Toscano , A. Villa