相关论文: A Divergence Critic for Inductive Proof

Information systems experience an ever-growing volume of unstructured data, particularly in the form of textual materials. This represents a rich source of information from which one can create value for people, organizations and…

Process mining is a multi-purpose tool enabling organizations to improve their processes. One of the primary purposes of process mining is finding the root causes of performance or compliance problems in processes. The usual way of doing so…

This paper describes the formal verification of two Turing machines using the program verifier Dafny. Both machines are deciders, so we prove total correctness. They are typical first examples of Turing machines used in any course of…

The use of logical systems for problem-solving may be as diverse as in proving theorems in mathematics or in figuring out how to meet up with a friend. In either case, the problem solving activity is captured by the search for an…

Reasoning with LLMs increasingly unfolds inside a broader verification loop. Internally, systems use cheap checks, such as self-consistency or proxy rewards, which we call weak verification. Externally, users inspect outputs and steer the…

Inductive reasoning is an essential capability for large language models (LLMs) to achieve higher intelligence, which requires the model to generalize rules from observed facts and then apply them to unseen examples. We present MIRAGE, a…

Multiple-choice tests are a common approach for assessing candidates' comprehension skills. Standard multiple-choice reading comprehension exams require candidates to select the correct answer option from a discrete set based on a question…

Mathematical reasoning tasks pose significant challenges for large language models (LLMs) because they require precise logical deduction and sequence analysis. In this work, we introduce the concept of critical tokens -- elements within…

Consider a community of scientists whose labs are each capable of conducting a different set of experiments. The scientists want to work together to confirm a new hypothesis, but to ensure blindness, their labs generally prohibit the…

Can a physicist make only a finite number of errors in the eternal quest to uncover the law of nature? This millennium-old philosophical problem, known as inductive inference, lies at the heart of epistemology. Despite its significance to…

Usually, it is the software manufacturer who employs verification or testing to ensure that the software embedded in a device meets its main objectives. However, these days we are confronted with the situation that economical or…

The emphasis is made on the juxtaposition of (quantum~theorem) proving versus quantum (theorem~proving). The logical contents of verification of the statements concerning quantum systems is outlined. The Zittereingang (trembling input)…

Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the similarity between two perturbations of the (backward) shift by rank one operators, under certain assumptions on the perturbations. The proof of similarity is based on an explicit…

Rather than discussing the isolated merits of a nominative theory of uncertainty, this paper focuses on a class of problems, referred to as Dynamic Classification Problem (DCP), which requires the integration of many theories, including a…

To be usable in practice, interactive theorem provers need to provide convenient and efficient means of writing expressions, definitions, and proofs. This involves inferring information that is often left implicit in an ordinary…

Ensuring that a program operates correctly is a difficult task in large, complex systems. Enshrining invariants -- desired properties of correct execution -- in code or comments can support maintainability and help sustain correctness.…

Calibration is a classical notion from the forecasting literature which aims to address the question: how should predicted probabilities be interpreted? In a world where we only get to observe (discrete) outcomes, how should we evaluate a…

To this date, the efficacy of the scientific publishing enterprise fundamentally rests on the strength of the peer review process. The journal editor or the conference chair primarily relies on the expert reviewers' assessment, identify…

As various post hoc explanation methods are increasingly being leveraged to explain complex models in high-stakes settings, it becomes critical to develop a deeper understanding of whether and when the explanations output by these methods…

Tracers provide users with useful information about program executions. In this article, we propose a ``tracer driver''. From a single tracer, it provides a powerful front-end enabling multiple dynamic analysis tools to be easily…