相关论文: Using First-Order Logic to Reason about Policies

Succinctness is a natural measure for comparing the strength of different logics. Intuitively, a logic L_1 is more succinct than another logic L_2 if all properties that can be expressed in L_2 can be expressed in L_1 by formulas of…

We study an extension of FO^2[<], first-order logic interpreted in finite words, in which formulas are restricted to use only two variables. We adjoin to this language two-variable atomic formulas that say, `the letter a appears between…

Conditional logics play an important role in recent attempts to formulate theories of default reasoning. This paper investigates first-order conditional logic. We show that, as for first-order probabilistic logic, it is important not to…

A first-order conditional logic is considered, with semantics given by a variant of epsilon-semantics, where p -> q means that Pr(q | p) approaches 1 super-polynomially --faster than any inverse polynomial. This type of convergence is…

We show that for any $i > 0$, it is decidable, given a regular language, whether it is expressible in the $\Sigma_i[<]$ fragment of first-order logic FO[<]. This settles a question open since 1971. Our main technical result relies on the…

Separation Logic is a widely used formalism for describing dynamically allocated linked data structures, such as lists, trees, etc. The decidability status of various fragments of the logic constitutes a long standing open problem. Current…

First-order logic is the basis for many knowledge representation formalisms and methods. Providing technological support for learning to write first-order formulas for natural language specifications requires methods to test formulas for…

We present the Flow-Limited Authorization First-Order Logic (FLAFOL), a logic for reasoning about authorization decisions in the presence of information-flow policies. We formalize the FLAFOL proof system, characterize its proof-theoretic…

We present a first-order logic equipped with an "asymmetric" directed notion of equality, which can be thought of as rewrites between terms, allowing for types to be interpreted as preorders. The logic is equipped with a precise syntactic…

We present an elementary introduction to a new logic for reasoning about behaviors that occur over time. This logic is based on temporal type theory. The syntax of the logic is similar to the usual first-order logic; what differs is the…

This paper seeks to apply categorical logic to the design of artificial intelligent agents that reason symbolically about objects more richly structured than sets. Using Johnstone's sequent calculus of terms- and formulae-in-context, we…

Contemporary semantic description of logic is based on the ontology of all possible interpretations, an insufficiently clear metaphysical concept. In this article, logic is described as the internal organization of language. Logical…

We consider the problem of answering queries about formulas of first-order logic based on background knowledge partially represented explicitly as other formulas, and partially represented as examples independently drawn from a fixed…

One-dimensional fragment of first-order logic is obtained by restricting quantification to blocks of existential (universal) quantifiers that leave at most one variable free. We investigate this fragment over words and trees, presenting a…

First-order logic has been established as an important tool for modeling and verifying intricate systems such as distributed protocols and concurrent systems. These systems are parametric in the number of nodes in the network or the number…

Blocked clauses provide the basis for powerful reasoning techniques used in SAT, QBF, and DQBF solving. Their definition, which relies on a simple syntactic criterion, guarantees that they are both redundant and easy to find. In this paper,…

We present a first-order probabilistic epistemic logic, which allows combining operators of knowledge and probability within a group of possibly infinitely many agents. The proposed framework is the first order extension of the logic of…

The formal construction of the second-order logic or predicate calculus essentially adds quantifiers to propositional logic. Why second-order logic cannot be reduced to that of the first order? How to demonstrate that certain predicates are…

We consider the problem of counting the number of answers to a first-order formula on a finite structure. We present and study an extension of first-order logic in which algorithms for this counting problem can be naturally and conveniently…

We study first-order logic over unordered structures whose elements carry a finite number of data values from an infinite domain. Data values can be compared wrt.\ equality. As the satisfiability problem for this logic is undecidable in…