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A Quantum Computer is a new type of computer which can efficiently solve complex problems such as prime factorization. A quantum computer threatens the security of public key encryption systems because these systems rely on the fact that…

As quantum computing technology improves and quantum computers with a small but non-trivial number of N > 100 qubits appear feasible in the near future the question of possible applications of small quantum computers gains importance. One…

Future quantum computers capable of solving relevant problems will require a large number of qubits that can be operated reliably. However, the requirements of having a large qubit count and operating with high-fidelity are typically…

Machines are possible to have some artificial intelligence like human beings owing to particular algorithms or software. Such machines could learn knowledge from what people taught them and do works according to the knowledge. In practical…

Quantum computers are expected to give major speed-ups for the simulation of quantum systems. In these conference proceedings, we discuss quantum algorithms for the simulation of perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) processes. In…

Although a universal quantum computer is still far from reach, the tremendous advances in controllable quantum devices, in particular with solid-state systems, make it possible to physically implement "quantum simulators". Quantum…

Machine learning algorithms perform well on identifying patterns in many different datasets due to their versatility. However, as one increases the size of the dataset, the computation time for training and using these statistical models…

We derive an explicit Hamiltonian for copying the basis up and down states of a quantum two-state system - a qubit - onto n "copy" qubits initially all prepared in the down state. In terms of spin components, for spin-1/2 particle spin…

A random access memory (RAM) uses n bits to randomly address N=2^n distinct memory cells. A quantum random access memory (qRAM) uses n qubits to address any quantum superposition of N memory cells. We present an architecture that…

A quantum computer directly manipulates information stored in the state of quantum mechanical systems. The available operations have many attractive features but also underly severe restrictions, which complicate the design of quantum…

Quantum computing has evolved quickly in recent years and is showing significant benefits in a variety of fields, especially in the realm of cybersecurity. The combination of software used to locate the most frequent hashes and $n$-grams…

Recently, it is shown that quantum computers can be used for obtaining certain information about the solution of a linear system Ax=b exponentially faster than what is possible with classical computation. Here we first review some key…

The working of a quantum computer is described in the concrete example of a quantum simulator of the single-particle Schrodinger equation. We show that a register of 6-10 qubits is sufficient to realize a useful quantum simulator capable of…

Quantum computers require quantum logic, something fundamentally different to classical Boolean logic. This difference leads to a greater efficiency of quantum computation over its classical counter-part. In this review we explain the basic…

Recent advances in quantum error correction (QEC) codes for fault-tolerant quantum computing \cite{Terhal2015} and physical realizations of high-fidelity qubits in a broad range of platforms \cite{Kok2007, Brown2011, Barends2014,…

We describe a quantum algorithm for preparing states that encode solutions of non-homogeneous linear partial differential equations. The algorithm is a continuous-variable version of matrix inversion: it efficiently inverts differential…

Quantum annealing processors typically control qubits in unison, attenuating quantum fluctuations uniformly until the applied system Hamiltonian is diagonal in the computational basis. This simplifies control requirements, allowing…

As quantum computers of non-trivial size become available in the near future, it is imperative to develop tools to emulate small quantum computers. This allows for validation and debugging of algorithms as well as exploring…

Quantum computing can provide speedups in solving many problems as the evolution of a quantum system is described by a unitary operator in an exponentially large Hilbert space. Such unitary operators change the phase of their eigenstates…

Gate model quantum computers with too many qubits to be simulated by available classical computers are about to arrive. We present a strategy for programming these devices without error correction or compilation. This means that the number…