相关论文: Statistical Mechanics of Vacancy and Interstitial …

We study a periodic vibrating string composed of a finite sequence of string segments connected periodically, with each segment characterized by a constant linear mass density. The main purpose is to provide a configuration that can mimic…

The hydrodynamics of crystals with vacancies is developed on the basis of local-equilibrium thermodynamics, where the chemical potential of vacancies plays a key role together with a constraint relating the concentration of vacancies to the…

The presence of defects in solids formed by active particles breaks their discrete translational symmetry. As a consequence, many of their properties become space-dependent and different from those characterizing perfectly ordered…

The topic of cosmic strings provides a bridge between the physics of the very small and the very large. They are predicted by some unified theories of particle interactions. If they exist, they may help to explain some of the largest-scale…

We study the quantum dynamics of interstitials and vacancies in a two-dimensional Wigner crystal (WC) using a semi-classical instanton method that is asymptotically exact at low density, i.e., in the $r_s\to \infty$ limit. The dynamics of…

We consider the problem of interacting electrons constrained to move on a fluctuating one-dimensional string. An effective low-energy theory for the electrons is derived by integrating out the string degrees of freedom to lowest order in…

A key phenomenon related to the Josephson effect is oscillations of different properties of superconducting tunneling junctions with magnetic field. We consider magnetic oscillations of the critical current in stacks of intrinsic Josephson…

In this paper a Frenkel--Kontorova model with a nonlinear interaction potential is used to describe a vacancy defect in a crystal. According to recent numerical results [Cuevas et al, Phys. Lett. A 315, 364 (2003)] the vacancy can migrate…

We study the nonlinear sigma model (NLSM) worldsheet action describing the motion of closed bosonic strings in the target space of a two-dimensional (2D) flat cone in polar coordinates. We calculate the cylinder partition function. We first…

We present a comprehensive first-principles investigation of carbon self-interstitial defects in diamond, ranging from mono- to hexa-interstitial complexes. By quantum mechanical density functional theory, empowered by interatomic potential…

We derive various consistency requirements for Vachaspati-Vilenkin type Monte-Carlo simulations of cosmic string formation or disclination formation in liquid crystals. We argue for the use of a tetrakaidekahedral lattice in such…

Interior stagnation point flows of viscoelastic liquids arise in a wide variety of applications including extensional viscometry, polymer processing and microfluidics. Experimentally, these flows have long been known to exhibit…

Vortex lines in type-II superconductors display complicated relaxation processes due to the intricate competition between their mutual repulsive interactions and pinning to attractive point or extended defects. We perform extensive Monte…

We present a novel, self-consistent and robust theoretical model to investigate elastic interactions between topological defects in liquid crystal shells. Accounting for the non-concentric nature of the shell in a simple manner, we are able…

Using a method Raman of spectroscopy and considering a non-uniformity of allocation of vacancies in a monocrystal, it is shown that lines with the small intensity (caused by presence of vacancies) have a major intensity in the sample of a…

Using experiments with single particle resolution and computer simulations we study the collective behaviour of multiple vacancies injected into two-dimensional crystals. We find that the defects assemble into linear strings that propagate…

We consider helical configurations of a cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) sandwiched between two substrates with homogeneous director orientation favored at both confining plates. We study the CLC twist wavenumber $q$ characterizing the…

It has recently been realised that strings with time-dependent tensions exhibit interesting dynamics; in particular, when the tension decreases loops of string can grow and possibly percolate. We extend previous analytic studies of strings…

In string theory the coupling ``constants'' appearing in the low-energy effective Lagrangian are determined by the vacuum expectation values of some (a priori) massless scalar fields (dilaton, moduli). This naturally leads one to expect a…

We investigate fluctuations of Josephson-coupled pancake vortices in layered superconductors in the presence of columnar defects. We study the thermodynamics of a single pancake stack pinned by columnar defects and obtain the temperature…