相关论文: Monte Carlo Simulations of Sexual Reproduction
The sexual version of the Penna model of biological ageing, simulated since 1996, is compared here with alternative forms of reproduction as well as with models not involving ageing. In particular we want to check how sexual forms of life…
We generalize the standard Penna bit-string model of biological ageing by assuming that each deleterious mutation diminishes the survival probability in every time interval by a small percentage. This effect is added to the usual lethal but…
We describe the simulation method of modelling the population evolution using Monte Carlo based on the Penna model. Individuals in the populations are represented by their diploid genomes. Genes expressed after the minimum reproduction age…
Using a lattice model based on Monte Carlo simulations, we study the role of the reproduction pattern on the fate of an evolving population. Each individual is under the selection pressure from the environment and random mutations. The…
The standard Penna ageing model with sexual reproduction is enlarged by adding additional bit-strings for love: Marriage happens only if the male love strings are sufficiently different from the female ones. We simulate at what level of…
We introduce into the Penna Model for biological ageing one of the possible male mechanisms used to maximize the ability of their sperm to compete with sperm from other males. Such a selfish mechanism increases the male reproduction success…
Why sex evolved and it prevails in nature remains one of the great puzzles of evolution. Most biologists would explain that it promotes genetic variability, however this explanation suffers from several difficulties. What advantages might…
We modify the Penna Model for biological aging, which is based on the mutation-accumulation theory, in order to verify if there would be any evolutionary advantage of triploid over diploid organisms. We show that this is not the case, and…
We have simulated demographic changes in the human population using the Penna microscopic model, based on the simple Monte Carlo method. The results of simulations have shown that during a few generations changes in the genetic pool of a…
We introduce fidelity into the bit-string Penna model for biological ageing and study the advantage of this fidelity when it produces a higher survival probability of the offspring due to paternal care. We attribute a lower reproduction…
The bit-string Penna Model is used to simulate the competition between an asexual parthenogenetic and a sexual population sharing the same environment. A new-born of either population can mutate and become a part of the other with some…
The population in the sexual Penna ageing model is first separated into several reproductively isolated groups. Then, after equilibration, sexual mixing between the groups is allowed. We study the changes in the population size due to this…
No abstract given. Confirms earlier simulatiobns of the self-organization of dominance in the sexual Penna model, and the advantage of hermaphroditic over sexual reproduction.
The Penna model is a strategy to simulate the genetic dynamics of age-structured populations, in which the individuals genomes are represented by bit-strings. It provides a simple metaphor for the evolutionary process in terms of the…
We have analysed the possibility of scaling the sexual Penna ageing model. Assuming that the number of genes expressed before the reproduction age grows linearly with the genome size and that the mutation rate per genome and generation is…
The probability of the survival of the population of individuals of both sexes of given mature age, procreation rate and structure stability has been searched in the numerical experiment. The populations with long period of reproduction and…
The death of a biological population is an extreme event which we investigate here for a host-parasitoid system. Our simulations using the Penna ageing model show how biological evolution can ``teach'' the parasitoids to avoid extinction by…
Using a simple computer model for evolution, we show that in a sexual population subject only to age-increasing reproductive risk, a cessation of female reproduction emerges.
We have modified the sexual Penna model by introducing the fluctuating environment and fluctuations representing physiological functions of individuals. Additionally, we have introduced the mother care corresponding to the protection…
Can unicellular organisms survive a drastic temperature change, and adapt to it after many generations? In simulations of the Penna model of biological ageing, both extinction and adaptation were found for asexual and sexual reproduction as…