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Quantum fluctuations are ubiquitous in physics. Ranging from conventional examples like the harmonic oscillator to intricate theories on the origin of the universe, they alter virtually all aspects of matter -- including superconductivity,…

We investigate quantum effects in the mechanical properties of elastic beams on the nanoscale. Transverse quantum and thermal fluctuations and the nonlinear excitation energies are calculated for beams compressed in longitudinal direction.…

Zero resistance, diamagnetism (Meissner effect) and the energy gap in the excitation spectrum are the fundamental attributes of superconductivity. In nanoparticles with characteristic size 10 nm superconductivity is suppressed by the…

We study resonant response of an underdamped nanomechanical resonator with fluctuating frequency. The fluctuations are due to diffusion of molecules or microparticles along the resonator. They lead to broadening and change of shape of the…

The smaller the system, typically - the higher is the impact of fluctuations. In narrow superconducting wires sufficiently close to the critical temperature Tc thermal fluctuations are responsible for the experimentally observable finite…

Nonlinear damping, the change in damping rate with the amplitude of oscillations plays an important role in many electrical, mechanical and even biological oscillators. In novel technologies such as carbon nanotubes, graphene membranes or…

As a fundamental measure of stability in nonequilibrium thermodynamics, fluctuations provide critical insight into the performance and reliability of heat engines. In this work, we establish universal fluctuation-dissipation bounds that…

The exploration of the rich dynamics of electrons is a frontier in fundamental nano-physics. The dynamical behavior of electrons is dominated by random and chaotic thermal motion with ultrafast ($\approx$ ps) and nanoscale scatterings. This…

Fluctuation theorems are a generalization of thermodynamics on small scales and provide the tools to characterize the fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities in non-equilibrium nanoscale systems. They are particularly important for…

Fluctuation-induced forces, primarily represented by quantum and critical Casimir effects, play a pivotal role at the nanoscale. This review explores the theoretical and experimental landscapes of these forces, offering a comprehensive…

Vacuum quantum fluctuations are an inescapable and fundamental feature of modern physics. By integrating cavity-enhanced or surface-modified vacuum quantum fluctuations with low-dimensional materials, a new paradigm-vacuumronics-emerges,…

Progressive reduction of the effective diameter of a nanowire is applied to trace evolution of the shape of superconducting transition $R(T)$ in quasi-one-dimensional aluminum structures. In nanowires with effective diameter $\leq$ 15 nm…

Quantum fluctuations impose fundamental limits on measurement and space-time probing. Although using optimised probe fields can allow to push sensitivity in a position measurement beyond the "standard quantum limit", quantum fluctuations of…

We study the effects of the electromagnetic subvacuum fluctuations on the dynamics of a nonrelativistic charged particle in a wavepacket. The influence from the quantum field is expected to give an additional effect to the velocity…

Mechanical resonators based on low-dimensional materials provide a unique platform for exploring a broad range of physical phenomena. The mechanical vibrational states are indeed extremely sensitive to charges, spins, photons, and adsorbed…

In this work, we give a consistent review of recent analytical results of reference character related to the fluctuation-electromagnetic interactions in the systems particle-vacuum, particle-surface, particle-particle, and surface-surface.…

The frequency-dependent impedance is a fundamental property of electrical components. We show that it can be determined from the equilibrium dynamical fluctuations of the electrode charge in constant-potential molecular simulations,…

Measurement and fluctuations are closely related to each other in quantum mechanics. This fact is explicitly demonstrated in the case of a quantum non-demolition photodetector which is composed of a double quantum-wire electron…

We study the spectral effect of the fluctuations of the vibration frequency. Such fluctuations play a major role in nanomechanical and other mesoscopic vibrational systems. We find that, for periodically driven systems, the interplay of the…

One of the most intriguing manifestations of quantum zero-point fluctuations are the van der Waals and Casimir forces, often associated with vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. Here we study generalized fluctuation potentials…