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Spintronic devices that utilize the spin degree of freedom of a charge carrier to store, process or transmit information, may be better performers than their traditional electronic counterparts if special properties of "spin" are exploited…

An impressive success of spintronic applications has been typically realized in metal-based structures which utilize magnetoresistive effects for substantial improvements in the performance of computer hard drives and magnetic random access…

While magnetic solid-state memory has found commercial applications to date, magnetic logic has rather remained on a conceptual level so far. Here, we discuss open challenges of different spintronic logic approaches, which use magnetic…

The possible use of spin and magnets in place of charge and capacitors to store and process information is well known. Magnetic tunnel junctions are being widely investigated and developed for magnetic random access memories. These are two…

For the last years spin effects in semiconductors have been of great interest not only in the context of solid state physics, but also for their potential usage in technology. In this paper we give a short review of spintronic materials, in…

Spintronics, which aims at exploiting the spin degree of freedom of carriers inside electronic devices, has a huge potential for quantum computation and dissipationless interconnects. Ideally, spin currents in spintronic devices should be…

Transistors are key elements for enabling computational hardware in both classical and quantum domains. Here, we propose a voltage-gated spin transistor using itinerant electrons in the Hubbard model which acts at the level of single…

Unipolar devices constructed from ferromagnetic semiconducting materials with variable magnetization direction are shown theoretically to behave very similarly to nonmagnetic bipolar devices such as the p-n diode and the bipolar (junction)…

We review several proposed spintronic devices that can provide new functionality or improve available functions of electronic devices. In particular, we discuss a high mobility field effect spin transistor, an all-metal spin transistor, and…

This paper reports on the improvement of the differential current gain in the spin-torque transistor based on two independent innovations, viz.the use of magnetic insulators and the spin Hall effect. Since, except for a few examples, spin…

Spintronics, or spin electronics, involves the study of active control and manipulation of spin degrees of freedom in solid-state systems. This article reviews the current status of this subject, including both recent advances and…

We extend the analogy between charge-based bipolar semiconductor electronics and spin-based unipolar electronics by considering unipolar spin transistors with different equilibrium spin splittings in the emitter, base, and collector. The…

The spin field effect transistor envisioned by Datta and Das opens a gateway to spin information processing. Although the coherent manipulation of electron spins in semiconductors is now possible, the realization of a functional spin field…

Spin transistors and spin Hall effects have been two separate leading directions of research in semiconductor spintronics which seeks new paradigms for information processing technologies. We have brought the two directions together to…

The notion of a spin field effect transistor, where transistor action is realized by manipulating the spin degree of freedom of charge carriers instead of the charge degree of freedom, has captivated researchers for at least three decades.…

Spintronics aims to utilize the spin degree of freedom for energy-efficient, non-volatile memory and logic devices. In this research update, we review state-of-the-art developments and new directions in charge- and spin-based memory/logic…

A theory of spin-polarized transport in inhomogeneous magnetic semiconductors is developed and applied to magnetic/nonmagnetic p-n junctions. Several phenomena with possible spintronic applications are predicted, including spinvoltaic…

This primary purpose of this paper is to succinctly state a number of verifiable and tractable sufficient conditions under which a particular class of conservative signal processing structures may be readily used to solve a companion class…

A fundamental road block for all-optical information processing is the difficulty in realizing a silicon optical transistor with the ability to provide optical gain, input output isolation and buffer action. In this work, we demonstrate an…

We theoretically investigate the supercurrent flow in a Josephson junction consisting of two spin-split superconductors combined by a normal metal weak link. The normal metal may be driven out of equilibrium, thus modifying the electron and…